Genesis 25:16

Authorized King James Version

These are the sons of Ishmael, and these are their names, by their towns, and by their castles; twelve princes according to their nations.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
אֵ֣לֶּה
these or those
#2
הֵ֞ם
they (only used when emphatic)
#3
בְּנֵ֤י
These are the sons
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
#4
יִשְׁמָעֵאל֙
of Ishmael
jishmael, the name of abraham's oldest son, and of five israelites
#5
וְאֵ֣לֶּה
these or those
#6
שְׁמֹתָ֔ם
and these are their names
an appellation, as a mark or memorial of individuality; by implication honor, authority, character
#7
בְּחַצְרֵיהֶ֖ם
by their towns
a yard (as inclosed by a fence); also a hamlet (as similarly surrounded with walls)
#8
וּבְטִֽירֹתָ֑ם
and by their castles
a wall; hence, a fortress or a hamlet
#9
שְׁנֵים
twelve
two; also (as ordinal) twofold
#10
עָשָׂ֥ר
ten (only in combination), i.e., -teen; also (ordinal) -teenth
#11
נְשִׂיאִ֖ם
princes
properly, an exalted one, i.e., a king or sheik; also a rising mist
#12
לְאֻמֹּתָֽם׃
according to their nations
a collection, i.e., community of persons

Analysis

The creation and providence theme here intersects with the broader canonical witness to God's character and purposes. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of progressive revelation that finds its culmination in Christ. The phrase emphasizing covenant community contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's consistent character and purposes.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of ancient Near Eastern narrative literature addressing origins and identity shapes this text's meaning. The development from creation to divine election established God's sovereign care over history Understanding a worldview where divine beings actively governed natural and historical processes helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes covenant community in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection

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