Genesis 23:18

Authorized King James Version

Unto Abraham for a possession in the presence of the children of Heth, before all that went in at the gate of his city.

Word-by-Word Analysis

לְאַבְרָהָ֥ם

H85

Unto Abraham

abraham, the later name of abram

לְמִקְנָ֖ה

H4736

for a possession

properly, a buying, i.e., acquisition; concretely, a piece of property (land or living); also the sum paid

לְעֵינֵ֣י

H5869

in the presence

an eye (literally or figuratively); by analogy, a fountain (as the eye of the landscape)

בְנֵי

H1121

of the children

a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or

חֵ֑ת

H2845

of Heth

cheth, an indigenous canaanite

בְּכֹ֖ל

H3605

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

בָּאֵ֥י

H935

before all that went in

to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)

שַֽׁעַר

H8179

at the gate

an opening, i.e., door or gate

עִירֽוֹ׃

H5892

of his city

a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere encampment or post)

Analysis

This verse develops the creation and providence theme central to Genesis. The concept of divine revelation reflects God's absolute sovereignty over all existence. The literary structure and word choice here contribute to foundational narrative establishing God's relationship with creation and humanity, advancing the author's theological argument. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

The historical context of the patriarchal period (c. 2000-1500 BCE) and primeval history provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The ancient Near Eastern world with its creation myths, flood narratives, and patriarchal social structures provided the cultural backdrop against which God's revelation stands in stark contrast. The ancient Near Eastern cosmology and patriarchal society would have shaped how the original audience understood divine revelation. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Ancient Near Eastern creation texts like Enuma Elish provide comparative context for understanding Genesis's unique theological perspective.

Questions for Reflection

What systematic theological implications arise from this verse's treatment of creation and providence, and how does it contribute to a biblical theology of fundamental Christian doctrine?
How might the original audience's understanding of divine revelation differ from modern interpretations, and what bridges can be built between ancient meaning and contemporary application?
What practical applications emerge from understanding creation and providence as presented in this verse, particularly in light of contemporary challenges facing the church and individual believers?

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