Genesis 21:29

Authorized King James Version

And Abimelech said unto Abraham, What mean these seven ewe lambs which thou hast set by themselves?

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַיֹּ֥אמֶר
said
to say (used with great latitude)
#2
אֲבִימֶ֖לֶךְ
H40
And Abimelech
abimelek, the name of two philistine kings and of two israelites
#3
אֶל
near, with or among; often in general, to
#4
אַבְרָהָ֑ם
H85
unto Abraham
abraham, the later name of abram
#5
מָ֣ה
properly, interrogative what? (including how? why? when?); but also exclamation, what! (including how!), or indefinitely what (including whatever, and
#6
הֵ֗נָּה
themselves (often used emphatic for the copula, also in indirect relation)
#7
שֶׁ֤בַע
mean these seven
seven (as the sacred full one); also (adverbially) seven times; by implication, a week; by extension, an indefinite number
#8
כְּבָשֹׂת֙
ewe lambs
a ewe
#9
הָאֵ֔לֶּה
these or those
#10
אֲשֶׁ֥ר
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
#11
הִצַּ֖בְתָּ
which thou hast set
to station, in various applications (literally or figuratively)
#12
לְבַדָּֽנָה׃
properly, separation; by implication, a part of the body, branch of a tree, bar for carrying; figuratively, chief of a city; especially (with preposit

Analysis

The creation and providence theme here intersects with the broader canonical witness to God's character and purposes. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of progressive revelation that finds its culmination in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine revelation contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's consistent character and purposes.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the tribal and clan-based society of the ancient Near East. The author writes to address the foundational narrative for Israel's identity and relationship with God, making the emphasis on creation and providence particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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