Genesis 21:16

Authorized King James Version

And she went, and sat her down over against him a good way off, as it were a bowshot: for she said, Let me not see the death of the child. And she sat over against him, and lift up her voice, and wept.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַתֵּלֶךְ֩
to walk (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)
#2
וַתֵּ֣שֶׁב
And she sat
properly, to sit down (specifically as judge. in ambush, in quiet); by implication, to dwell, to remain; causatively, to settle, to marry
#3
לָ֜הּ
H0
#4
מִנֶּ֔גֶד
over against
a front, i.e., part opposite; specifically a counterpart, or mate; usually (adverbial, especially with preposition) over against or before
#5
הַרְחֵק֙
him a good way off
to widen (in any direction), i.e., (intransitively) recede or (transitively) remove (literally or figuratively, of place or relation)
#6
כִּמְטַֽחֲוֵ֣י
as it were a bowshot
to stretch a bow, as an archer
#7
קֶ֔שֶׁת
a bow, for shooting (hence, figuratively, strength) or the iris
#8
כִּ֣י
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
#9
אָֽמְרָ֔ה
for she said
to say (used with great latitude)
#10
אַל
not (the qualified negation, used as a deprecative); once (job 24:25) as a noun, nothing
#11
אֶרְאֶ֖ה
Let me not see
to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied, transitive, intransitive and causative)
#12
בְּמ֣וֹת
the death
death (natural or violent); concretely, the dead, their place or state (hades); figuratively, pestilence, ruin
#13
הַיָּ֑לֶד
of the child
something born, i.e., a lad or offspring
#14
וַתֵּ֣שֶׁב
And she sat
properly, to sit down (specifically as judge. in ambush, in quiet); by implication, to dwell, to remain; causatively, to settle, to marry
#15
מִנֶּ֔גֶד
over against
a front, i.e., part opposite; specifically a counterpart, or mate; usually (adverbial, especially with preposition) over against or before
#16
וַתִּשָּׂ֥א
over against him and lift up
to lift, in a great variety of applications, literal and figurative, absolute and relative
#17
אֶת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#18
קֹלָ֖הּ
her voice
a voice or sound
#19
וַתֵּֽבְךְּ׃
and wept
to weep; generally to bemoan

Analysis

Within the broader context of Genesis, this passage highlights creation and providence through simile or metaphorical language. The theological weight of divine revelation connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about divine revelation, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of Genesis.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the tribal and clan-based society of the ancient Near East. The author writes to address the foundational narrative for Israel's identity and relationship with God, making the emphasis on creation and providence particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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