Genesis 18:32

Authorized King James Version

And he said, Oh let not the Lord be angry, and I will speak yet but this once: Peradventure ten shall be found there. And he said, I will not destroy it for ten's sake.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙
And he said
to say (used with great latitude)
#2
אַל
not (the qualified negation, used as a deprecative); once (job 24:25) as a noun, nothing
#3
נָ֞א
'i pray', 'now', or 'then'; added mostly to verbs (in the imperative or future), or to interjections, occasionally to an adverb or conjunction
#4
יִ֤חַר
be angry
to glow or grow warm; figuratively (usually) to blaze up, of anger, zeal, jealousy
#5
לַֽאדֹנָי֙
Oh let not the Lord
the lord (used as a proper name of god only)
#6
וַֽאֲדַבְּרָ֣ה
and I will speak
perhaps properly, to arrange; but used figuratively (of words), to speak; rarely (in a destructive sense) to subdue
#7
אַךְ
yet
a particle of affirmation, surely; hence (by limitation) only
#8
הַפַּ֔עַם
but this once
a stroke, literally or figuratively (in various applications, as follow)
#9
אוּלַ֛י
if not; hence perhaps
#10
יִמָּֽצְא֥וּן
shall be found
properly, to come forth to, i.e., appear or exist; transitively, to attain, i.e., find or acquire; figuratively, to occur, meet or be present
#11
שָׁ֖ם
there (transferring to time) then; often thither, or thence
#12
הָֽעֲשָׂרָֽה׃
Peradventure ten
ten (as an accumulation to the extent of the digits)
#13
וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙
And he said
to say (used with great latitude)
#14
לֹ֣א
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
#15
אַשְׁחִ֔ית
I will not destroy
to decay, i.e., (causatively) ruin (literally or figuratively)
#16
בַּֽעֲב֖וּר
properly, crossed, i.e., (abstractly) transit; used only adverbially, on account of, in order that
#17
הָֽעֲשָׂרָֽה׃
Peradventure ten
ten (as an accumulation to the extent of the digits)

Analysis

This verse develops the creation and providence theme central to Genesis. The concept of divine sovereignty reflects God's absolute sovereignty over all existence. The divine name or title here functions within foundational narrative establishing God's relationship with creation and humanity to establish theological authority and covenantal relationship. The original language emphasizes the covenant name Yahweh, emphasizing God's faithfulness to His promises, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the tribal and clan-based society of the ancient Near East. The author writes to address the foundational narrative for Israel's identity and relationship with God, making the emphasis on creation and providence particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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