Genesis 12:10

Authorized King James Version

And there was a famine in the land: and Abram went down into Egypt to sojourn there; for the famine was grievous in the land.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַיְהִ֥י
to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)
#2
הָֽרָעָ֖ב
And there was a famine
hunger (more or less extensive)
#3
בָּאָֽרֶץ׃
in the land
the earth (at large, or partitively a land)
#4
וַיֵּ֨רֶד
went down
to descend (literally, to go downwards; or conventionally to a lower region, as the shore, a boundary, the enemy, etc.; or figuratively, to fall); cau
#5
אַבְרָ֤ם
H87
and Abram
abram, the original name of abraham
#6
מִצְרַ֙יְמָה֙
into Egypt
mitsrajim, i.e., upper and lower egypt
#7
לָג֣וּר
to sojourn
properly, to turn aside from the road (for a lodging or any other purpose), i.e., sojourn (as a guest); also to shrink, fear (as in a strange place);
#8
שָׁ֔ם
there (transferring to time) then; often thither, or thence
#9
כִּֽי
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
#10
כָבֵ֥ד
was grievous
heavy; figuratively in a good sense (numerous) or in a bad sense (severe, difficult, stupid)
#11
הָֽרָעָ֖ב
And there was a famine
hunger (more or less extensive)
#12
בָּאָֽרֶץ׃
in the land
the earth (at large, or partitively a land)

Analysis

The creation and providence theme here intersects with the broader canonical witness to God's character and purposes. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of progressive revelation that finds its culmination in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine revelation contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's consistent character and purposes.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the tribal and clan-based society of the ancient Near East. The author writes to address the foundational narrative for Israel's identity and relationship with God, making the emphasis on creation and providence particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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