Genesis 1:17

Authorized King James Version

And God set them in the firmament of the heaven to give light upon the earth,

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַיִּתֵּ֥ן
set
to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)
#2
אֹתָ֛ם
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#3
אֱלֹהִ֖ים
And God
gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of
#4
בִּרְקִ֣יעַ
them in the firmament
properly, an expanse, i.e., the firmament or (apparently) visible arch of the sky
#5
הַשָּׁמָ֑יִם
of the heaven
the sky (as aloft; the dual perhaps alluding to the visible arch in which the clouds move, as well as to the higher ether where the celestial bodies r
#6
לְהָאִ֖יר
to give light
to be (causative, make) luminous (literally and metaphorically)
#7
עַל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#8
הָאָֽרֶץ׃
upon the earth
the earth (at large, or partitively a land)

Analysis

This verse develops the creation and providence theme central to Genesis. The concept of divine sovereignty reflects God's absolute sovereignty over all existence. The divine name or title here functions within foundational narrative establishing God's relationship with creation and humanity to establish theological authority and covenantal relationship. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of ancient Near Eastern narrative literature addressing origins and identity shapes this text's meaning. The development from creation to divine election established God's sovereign care over history Understanding a worldview where divine beings actively governed natural and historical processes helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes divine sovereignty in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection

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