Ezekiel 40:44

Authorized King James Version

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And without the inner gate were the chambers of the singers in the inner court, which was at the side of the north gate; and their prospect was toward the south: one at the side of the east gate having the prospect toward the north.

Original Language Analysis

וּמִחוּצָה֩ And without H2351
וּמִחוּצָה֩ And without
Strong's: H2351
Word #: 1 of 23
properly, separate by a wall, i.e., outside, outdoors
שַׁ֣עַר gate H8179
שַׁ֣עַר gate
Strong's: H8179
Word #: 2 of 23
an opening, i.e., door or gate
הַפְּנִימִי֙ in the inner H6442
הַפְּנִימִי֙ in the inner
Strong's: H6442
Word #: 3 of 23
interior
לִֽשְׁכ֣וֹת were the chambers H3957
לִֽשְׁכ֣וֹת were the chambers
Strong's: H3957
Word #: 4 of 23
a room in a building (whether for storage, eating, or lodging)
שָׁרִ֗ים of the singers H7891
שָׁרִ֗ים of the singers
Strong's: H7891
Word #: 5 of 23
to sing
בֶּחָצֵ֤ר court H2691
בֶּחָצֵ֤ר court
Strong's: H2691
Word #: 6 of 23
a yard (as inclosed by a fence); also a hamlet (as similarly surrounded with walls)
הַפְּנִימִי֙ in the inner H6442
הַפְּנִימִי֙ in the inner
Strong's: H6442
Word #: 7 of 23
interior
אֲשֶׁ֗ר H834
אֲשֶׁ֗ר
Strong's: H834
Word #: 8 of 23
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
אֶל H413
אֶל
Strong's: H413
Word #: 9 of 23
near, with or among; often in general, to
כֶּ֙תֶף֙ at the side H3802
כֶּ֙תֶף֙ at the side
Strong's: H3802
Word #: 10 of 23
the shoulder (proper, i.e., upper end of the arm; as being the spot where the garments hang); figuratively, side-piece or lateral projection of anythi
שַׁ֣עַר gate H8179
שַׁ֣עַר gate
Strong's: H8179
Word #: 11 of 23
an opening, i.e., door or gate
הַצָּפֹֽן׃ of the north H6828
הַצָּפֹֽן׃ of the north
Strong's: H6828
Word #: 12 of 23
properly, hidden, i.e., dark; used only of the north as a quarter (gloomy and unknown)
פְּנֵ֖י and their prospect H6440
פְּנֵ֖י and their prospect
Strong's: H6440
Word #: 13 of 23
the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposi
דֶּ֥רֶךְ toward H1870
דֶּ֥רֶךְ toward
Strong's: H1870
Word #: 14 of 23
a road (as trodden); figuratively, a course of life or mode of action, often adverb
הַדָּר֑וֹם the south H1864
הַדָּר֑וֹם the south
Strong's: H1864
Word #: 15 of 23
the south; poet. the south wind
אֶחָ֗ד one H259
אֶחָ֗ד one
Strong's: H259
Word #: 16 of 23
properly, united, i.e., one; or (as an ordinal) first
אֶל H413
אֶל
Strong's: H413
Word #: 17 of 23
near, with or among; often in general, to
כֶּ֙תֶף֙ at the side H3802
כֶּ֙תֶף֙ at the side
Strong's: H3802
Word #: 18 of 23
the shoulder (proper, i.e., upper end of the arm; as being the spot where the garments hang); figuratively, side-piece or lateral projection of anythi
שַׁ֣עַר gate H8179
שַׁ֣עַר gate
Strong's: H8179
Word #: 19 of 23
an opening, i.e., door or gate
הַקָּדִ֔ים of the east H6921
הַקָּדִ֔ים of the east
Strong's: H6921
Word #: 20 of 23
the fore or front part; hence (by orientation) the east (often adverbially, eastward, for brevity the east wind)
פְּנֵ֖י and their prospect H6440
פְּנֵ֖י and their prospect
Strong's: H6440
Word #: 21 of 23
the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposi
דֶּ֥רֶךְ toward H1870
דֶּ֥רֶךְ toward
Strong's: H1870
Word #: 22 of 23
a road (as trodden); figuratively, a course of life or mode of action, often adverb
הַצָּפֹֽן׃ of the north H6828
הַצָּפֹֽן׃ of the north
Strong's: H6828
Word #: 23 of 23
properly, hidden, i.e., dark; used only of the north as a quarter (gloomy and unknown)

Analysis & Commentary

And without the inner gate were the chambers of the singers in the inner court, which was at the side of the north gate; and their prospect was toward the south: one at the side of the east gate having the prospect toward the north. The transition from sacrificial tables to singers' chambers demonstrates that worship involves both blood and song, atonement and praise. The Hebrew sharim (שָׁרִים, "singers") were Levitical musicians whose ministry was as ordained as the priests' (1 Chronicles 25). Their chambers were strategically placed with specific orientations ("prospect toward the south" and "prospect toward the north"), suggesting liturgical positioning for optimal acoustics or symbolic significance.

This verse teaches that worship encompasses the full range of human response to God—confession through sacrifice and celebration through music. David organized temple singers with the same care as priests (1 Chronicles 6:31-48, 15:16-24), recognizing that worship requires both penitence and praise. The placement of singers' rooms near the sacrificial area indicates their ministry was not entertainment but integral to worship. In the new covenant, believers are called to offer both the sacrifice of Christ by faith and "the sacrifice of praise to God continually, that is, the fruit of our lips giving thanks to his name" (Hebrews 13:15).

Historical Context

Temple singers (Levitical choir) emerged during David's reign and became formalized under Solomon (2 Chronicles 5:12-13). They used cymbals, harps, lyres, and trumpets, performing psalms and worship songs. The Babylonian exile interrupted this ministry, making Psalm 137's lament poignant: "How shall we sing the LORD's song in a strange land?" For Ezekiel's audience, the vision of singers' chambers represented restored joy and the resumption of Israel's calling to worship. The synagogue tradition of cantors and the Christian practice of congregational singing both flow from this temple heritage.

Questions for Reflection

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