Ezekiel 40:23

Authorized King James Version

PDF

And the gate of the inner court was over against the gate toward the north, and toward the east; and he measured from gate to gate an hundred cubits.

Original Language Analysis

שַׁ֖עַר And the gate H8179
שַׁ֖עַר And the gate
Strong's: H8179
Word #: 1 of 13
an opening, i.e., door or gate
לֶחָצֵ֣ר court H2691
לֶחָצֵ֣ר court
Strong's: H2691
Word #: 2 of 13
a yard (as inclosed by a fence); also a hamlet (as similarly surrounded with walls)
הַפְּנִימִ֔י of the inner H6442
הַפְּנִימִ֔י of the inner
Strong's: H6442
Word #: 3 of 13
interior
נֶ֣גֶד H5048
נֶ֣גֶד
Strong's: H5048
Word #: 4 of 13
a front, i.e., part opposite; specifically a counterpart, or mate; usually (adverbial, especially with preposition) over against or before
שַׁ֖עַר And the gate H8179
שַׁ֖עַר And the gate
Strong's: H8179
Word #: 5 of 13
an opening, i.e., door or gate
לַצָּפ֖וֹן toward the north H6828
לַצָּפ֖וֹן toward the north
Strong's: H6828
Word #: 6 of 13
properly, hidden, i.e., dark; used only of the north as a quarter (gloomy and unknown)
וְלַקָּדִ֑ים and toward the east H6921
וְלַקָּדִ֑ים and toward the east
Strong's: H6921
Word #: 7 of 13
the fore or front part; hence (by orientation) the east (often adverbially, eastward, for brevity the east wind)
וַיָּ֧מָד and he measured H4058
וַיָּ֧מָד and he measured
Strong's: H4058
Word #: 8 of 13
properly, to stretch; by implication, to measure (as if by stretching a line); figuratively, to be extended
שַׁ֖עַר And the gate H8179
שַׁ֖עַר And the gate
Strong's: H8179
Word #: 9 of 13
an opening, i.e., door or gate
אֶל H413
אֶל
Strong's: H413
Word #: 10 of 13
near, with or among; often in general, to
שַׁ֖עַר And the gate H8179
שַׁ֖עַר And the gate
Strong's: H8179
Word #: 11 of 13
an opening, i.e., door or gate
מֵאָ֥ה an hundred H3967
מֵאָ֥ה an hundred
Strong's: H3967
Word #: 12 of 13
a hundred; also as a multiplicative and a fraction
אַמָּֽה׃ cubits H520
אַמָּֽה׃ cubits
Strong's: H520
Word #: 13 of 13
properly, a mother (i.e., unit of measure, or the fore-arm (below the elbow), i.e., a cubit; also a door-base (as a bond of the entrance)

Analysis & Commentary

The gate of the inner court was over against the gate toward the north, and toward the east—The Hebrew neged (נֶגֶד, "over against") indicates direct alignment: outer gates faced corresponding inner gates across the outer court. He measured from gate to gate an hundred cubits (approximately 175 feet)—this distance created spacious courts for worshipers, unlike the cramped conditions of Solomon's temple courts expanded haphazardly over time.

The precision of this layout reflects divine order contrasted with human chaos. The exiles in Babylon knew only devastation and disorder; this vision promised restoration with perfect symmetry and generous space. The hundred cubits may symbolize fullness or completion (10 x 10). The alignment of gates also facilitated processions and created clear sight lines toward the sanctuary, keeping worshipers focused on God's presence at the center.

Historical Context

Ancient temples typically featured outer and inner courts with progressively restricted access—laypeople in outer courts, priests in inner courts. Ezekiel's temple elaborates this pattern with unprecedented detail. The hundred-cubit measurement appears repeatedly (40:19, 23, 27, 47), creating a modular, mathematically harmonious design reflecting the order of creation itself (Genesis 1).

Questions for Reflection

Related Resources

Explore related topics, people, and study resources to deepen your understanding of this passage.

People