Ezekiel 27:8

Authorized King James Version

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The inhabitants of Zidon and Arvad were thy mariners: thy wise men, O Tyrus, that were in thee, were thy pilots.

Original Language Analysis

יֹשְׁבֵ֤י The inhabitants H3427
יֹשְׁבֵ֤י The inhabitants
Strong's: H3427
Word #: 1 of 12
properly, to sit down (specifically as judge. in ambush, in quiet); by implication, to dwell, to remain; causatively, to settle, to marry
צִידוֹן֙ of Zidon H6721
צִידוֹן֙ of Zidon
Strong's: H6721
Word #: 2 of 12
tsidon, the name of a son of canaan, and of a place in palestine
וְאַרְוַ֔ד and Arvad H719
וְאַרְוַ֔ד and Arvad
Strong's: H719
Word #: 3 of 12
arvad, an island-city of palestine
הָי֥וּ H1961
הָי֥וּ
Strong's: H1961
Word #: 4 of 12
to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)
שָׁטִ֖ים were thy mariners H7751
שָׁטִ֖ים were thy mariners
Strong's: H7751
Word #: 5 of 12
properly, to push forth; (but used only figuratively) to lash, i.e., (the sea with oars) to row; by implication, to travel
לָ֑ךְ H0
לָ֑ךְ
Strong's: H0
Word #: 6 of 12
חֲכָמַ֤יִךְ thy wise H2450
חֲכָמַ֤יִךְ thy wise
Strong's: H2450
Word #: 7 of 12
wise, (i.e., intelligent, skilful or artful)
צוֹר֙ men O Tyrus H6865
צוֹר֙ men O Tyrus
Strong's: H6865
Word #: 8 of 12
tsor, a place in palestine
הָ֣יוּ H1961
הָ֣יוּ
Strong's: H1961
Word #: 9 of 12
to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)
בָ֔ךְ H0
בָ֔ךְ
Strong's: H0
Word #: 10 of 12
הֵ֖מָּה H1992
הֵ֖מָּה
Strong's: H1992
Word #: 11 of 12
they (only used when emphatic)
חֹבְלָֽיִךְ׃ that were in thee were thy pilots H2259
חֹבְלָֽיִךְ׃ that were in thee were thy pilots
Strong's: H2259
Word #: 12 of 12
a sailor

Analysis & Commentary

The inhabitants of Zidon and Arvad were thy mariners (מַלָּחַיִךְ מַלָּחִים, mallachayikh)—the Hebrew mallach means "sailor" or "mariner," emphasizing Tyre's dependence on foreign expertise. Zidon (Sidon) was Tyre's sister Phoenician city-state, while Arvad was a northern Phoenician island fortress. Yet Tyre employed these rivals as mere oarsmen, reserving thy wise men...thy pilots (חֲכָמַיִךְ הֵמָּה חֹבְלָיִךְ, chakamayikh...chobhlayikh) for themselves. The chobhel (pilot/captain) required wisdom (chokmah), not just skill—highlighting Tyre's pride in intellectual superiority.

This verse reveals the economic hierarchy that fueled Tyre's arrogance: foreign labor beneath Tyrian management. God's judgment targets not merely commerce, but the pride that made Tyre say "I am of perfect beauty" (v. 3). Compare Revelation 18's "Babylon," another commercial empire judged for self-exaltation.

Historical Context

Zidon (modern Sidon, Lebanon) was Phoenicia's oldest city, mentioned in Genesis 10:15. Arvad (modern Arwad, Syria) was the northernmost Phoenician city-state, built entirely on an island. By Ezekiel's time (586 BC), Tyre had eclipsed both cities commercially, employing their seamen while monopolizing navigation expertise. Archaeological evidence shows Phoenician ships required crews of 20-30 oarsmen, with pilots navigating by stars and coastal landmarks.

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