Exodus 39:8
And he made the breastplate of cunning work, like the work of the ephod; of gold, blue, and purple, and scarlet, and fine twined linen.
Original Language Analysis
וַיַּ֧עַשׂ
And he made
H6213
וַיַּ֧עַשׂ
And he made
Strong's:
H6213
Word #:
1 of 14
to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application
אֶת
H853
אֶת
Strong's:
H853
Word #:
2 of 14
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
הַחֹ֛שֶׁן
the breastplate
H2833
הַחֹ֛שֶׁן
the breastplate
Strong's:
H2833
Word #:
3 of 14
perhaps a pocket (as holding the urim and thummim), or rich (as containing gems), used only of the gorget of the highpriest
כְּמַֽעֲשֵׂ֣ה
like the work
H4639
כְּמַֽעֲשֵׂ֣ה
like the work
Strong's:
H4639
Word #:
4 of 14
an action (good or bad); generally, a transaction; abstractly, activity; by implication, a product (specifically, a poem) or (generally) property
חֹשֵׁ֖ב
of cunning
H2803
חֹשֵׁ֖ב
of cunning
Strong's:
H2803
Word #:
5 of 14
properly, to plait or interpenetrate, i.e., (literally) to weave or (generally) to fabricate; figuratively, to plot or contrive (usually in a maliciou
כְּמַֽעֲשֵׂ֣ה
like the work
H4639
כְּמַֽעֲשֵׂ֣ה
like the work
Strong's:
H4639
Word #:
6 of 14
an action (good or bad); generally, a transaction; abstractly, activity; by implication, a product (specifically, a poem) or (generally) property
אֵפֹ֑ד
of the ephod
H646
אֵפֹ֑ד
of the ephod
Strong's:
H646
Word #:
7 of 14
a girdle; specifically the ephod or highpriest's shoulder-piece; also generally, an image
זָהָ֗ב
of gold
H2091
זָהָ֗ב
of gold
Strong's:
H2091
Word #:
8 of 14
gold, figuratively, something gold-colored (i.e., yellow), as oil, a clear sky
תְּכֵ֧לֶת
blue
H8504
תְּכֵ֧לֶת
blue
Strong's:
H8504
Word #:
9 of 14
the cerulean mussel, i.e., the color (violet) obtained therefrom or stuff dyed therewith
וְתוֹלַ֥עַת
H8438
וְתוֹלַ֥עַת
Strong's:
H8438
Word #:
11 of 14
a maggot (as voracious); specifically (often with ellipsis of h8144) the crimson-grub, but used only (in this connection) of the color from it, and cl
שָׁנִ֖י
and scarlet
H8144
שָׁנִ֖י
and scarlet
Strong's:
H8144
Word #:
12 of 14
crimson, properly, the insect or its color, also stuff dyed with it
Cross References
Exodus 28:4And these are the garments which they shall make; a breastplate, and an ephod, and a robe, and a broidered coat, a mitre, and a girdle: and they shall make holy garments for Aaron thy brother, and his sons, that he may minister unto me in the priest's office.Isaiah 59:17For he put on righteousness as a breastplate, and an helmet of salvation upon his head; and he put on the garments of vengeance for clothing, and was clad with zeal as a cloke.Ephesians 6:14Stand therefore, having your loins girt about with truth, and having on the breastplate of righteousness;
Historical Context
The breastplate, worn over the heart, complemented the shoulderpieces' function. Together they symbolized the high priest carrying Israel in both strength (shoulders) and affection (heart) before YHWH. The matching craftsmanship emphasized the unified design of these garments.
Questions for Reflection
- What comfort comes from knowing Christ bears you not only with omnipotent strength but with infinite love?
- How should ministers today balance 'shoulder' leadership strength with 'heart' pastoral compassion?
Related Resources
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Analysis & Commentary
The breastplate (חֹשֶׁן, choshen, breastplate of judgment, 28:15) matched the ephod's materials and workmanship, signifying unity between bearing Israel's names (shoulders/strength) and bearing them over the heart (affection). The 'cunning work' (מַעֲשֵׂה חֹשֵׁב, ma'aseh choshev, skillful craftsmanship) indicates divine design executed by Spirit-filled artisans. This breastplate, positioned over Aaron's heart, taught that priestly ministry requires both strength and love. Christ, our High Priest, bears believers with both omnipotent power and infinite compassion (John 13:1).