Exodus 38:1

Authorized King James Version

And he made the altar of burnt offering of shittim wood: five cubits was the length thereof, and five cubits the breadth thereof; it was foursquare; and three cubits the height thereof.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַיַּ֛עַשׂ
And he made
to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application
#2
אֶת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#3
מִזְבַּ֥ח
the altar
an altar
#4
הָֽעֹלָ֖ה
of burnt offering
a step or (collectively, stairs, as ascending); usually a holocaust (as going up in smoke)
#5
עֲצֵ֣י
wood
a tree (from its firmness); hence, wood (plural sticks)
#6
שִׁטִּ֑ים
of shittim
the acacia (from its scourging thorns)
#7
וְחָֽמֵשׁ
five
five
#8
אַמּ֖וֹת
cubits
properly, a mother (i.e., unit of measure, or the fore-arm (below the elbow), i.e., a cubit; also a door-base (as a bond of the entrance)
#9
אָרְכּ֜וֹ
was the length
length
#10
וְחָֽמֵשׁ
five
five
#11
אַמּ֖וֹת
cubits
properly, a mother (i.e., unit of measure, or the fore-arm (below the elbow), i.e., a cubit; also a door-base (as a bond of the entrance)
#12
רָחְבּוֹ֙
the breadth
width (literally or figuratively)
#13
רָב֔וּעַ
thereof it was foursquare
to be quadrate
#14
וְשָׁלֹ֥שׁ
and three
three; occasionally (ordinal) third, or (multiple) thrice
#15
אַמּ֖וֹת
cubits
properly, a mother (i.e., unit of measure, or the fore-arm (below the elbow), i.e., a cubit; also a door-base (as a bond of the entrance)
#16
קֹֽמָתֽוֹ׃
the height
height

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine revelation contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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