Exodus 32:20

Authorized King James Version

And he took the calf which they had made, and burnt it in the fire, and ground it to powder, and strawed it upon the water, and made the children of Israel drink of it.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַיִּקַּ֞ח
And he took
to take (in the widest variety of applications)
#2
אֶת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#3
הָעֵ֨גֶל
the calf
a (male) calf (as frisking round), especially one nearly grown (i.e., a steer)
#4
אֲשֶׁ֤ר
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
#5
עָשׂוּ֙
which they had made
to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application
#6
וַיִּשְׂרֹ֣ף
and burnt
to be (causatively, set) on fire
#7
בָּאֵ֔שׁ
it in the fire
fire (literally or figuratively)
#8
וַיִּטְחַ֖ן
and ground
to grind meal; hence, to be a concubine (that being their employment)
#9
עַ֣ד
as far (or long, or much) as, whether of space (even unto) or time (during, while, until) or degree (equally with)
#10
אֲשֶׁר
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
#11
דָּ֑ק
it to powder
to crush (or intransitively) crumble
#12
וַיִּ֙זֶר֙
and strawed
to toss about; by implication, to diffuse, winnow
#13
עַל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#14
פְּנֵ֣י
it upon
the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposi
#15
הַמַּ֔יִם
the water
water; figuratively, juice; by euphemism, urine, semen
#16
וַיַּ֖שְׁקְ
drink
to quaff, i.e., (causatively) to irrigate or furnish a potion to
#17
אֶת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#18
בְּנֵ֥י
and made the children
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
#19
יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃
of Israel
he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity

Analysis

Within the broader context of Exodus, this passage highlights salvation through declarative statements that establish theological truth. The theological weight of divine revelation connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about divine revelation, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of Exodus.

Historical Context

The historical context of the period of Egyptian bondage and wilderness wandering (c. 1440-1400 BCE) provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The historical and cultural milieu of the biblical world informed the author's theological expression and the audience's understanding. The the cultural context of the biblical world would have shaped how the original audience understood divine revelation. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Archaeological discoveries continue to illuminate the historical context of biblical texts.

Questions for Reflection

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