Exodus 25:4

Authorized King James Version

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And blue, and purple, and scarlet, and fine linen, and goats' hair,

Original Language Analysis

וּתְכֵ֧לֶת And blue H8504
וּתְכֵ֧לֶת And blue
Strong's: H8504
Word #: 1 of 6
the cerulean mussel, i.e., the color (violet) obtained therefrom or stuff dyed therewith
וְאַרְגָּמָ֛ן and purple H713
וְאַרְגָּמָ֛ן and purple
Strong's: H713
Word #: 2 of 6
purple (the color or the dyed stuff)
וְתוֹלַ֥עַת and scarlet H8438
וְתוֹלַ֥עַת and scarlet
Strong's: H8438
Word #: 3 of 6
a maggot (as voracious); specifically (often with ellipsis of h8144) the crimson-grub, but used only (in this connection) of the color from it, and cl
שָׁנִ֖י H8144
שָׁנִ֖י
Strong's: H8144
Word #: 4 of 6
crimson, properly, the insect or its color, also stuff dyed with it
וְשֵׁ֥שׁ and fine linen H8336
וְשֵׁ֥שׁ and fine linen
Strong's: H8336
Word #: 5 of 6
bleached stuff, i.e., white linen or (by analogy) marble
וְעִזִּֽים׃ and goats H5795
וְעִזִּֽים׃ and goats
Strong's: H5795
Word #: 6 of 6
a she-goat (as strong), but masculine in plural (which also is used elliptically for goat's hair)

Analysis & Commentary

The list concludes with oil, spices, and precious stones—elements for illumination, fragrance, and glory. The oil for light prefigures the Holy Spirit's illumination; the spices for anointing oil and incense represent prayer ascending to God; the onyx stones and gems for the high priest's garments display the beauty of holiness. Each element contributes to the complete picture of worship.

Historical Context

These precious materials required both divine provision and human craftsmanship. The specification of onyx and 'stones to be set' indicates that even natural beauty must be refined and prepared for holy use.

Questions for Reflection

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