Exodus 14:5

Authorized King James Version

And it was told the king of Egypt that the people fled: and the heart of Pharaoh and of his servants was turned against the people, and they said, Why have we done this, that we have let Israel go from serving us?

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַיֻּגַּד֙
And it was told
properly, to front, i.e., stand boldly out opposite; by implication (causatively), to manifest; figuratively, to announce (always by word of mouth to
#2
לְמֶ֣לֶךְ
the king
a king
#3
מִצְרַ֔יִם
of Egypt
mitsrajim, i.e., upper and lower egypt
#4
כִּ֥י
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
#5
בָרַ֖ח
fled
to bolt, i.e., figuratively, to flee suddenly
#6
הָעָ֔ם
against the people
a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock
#7
וַ֠יֵּֽהָפֵךְ
was turned
to turn about or over; by implication, to change, overturn, return, pervert
#8
לְבַ֨ב
and the heart
the heart (as the most interior organ)
#9
פַּרְעֹ֤ה
of Pharaoh
paroh, a general title of egyptian kings
#10
וַֽעֲבָדָיו֙
and of his servants
a servant
#11
אֶל
near, with or among; often in general, to
#12
הָעָ֔ם
against the people
a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock
#13
וַיֹּֽאמרוּ֙
and they said
to say (used with great latitude)
#14
מַה
properly, interrogative what? (including how? why? when?); but also exclamation, what! (including how!), or indefinitely what (including whatever, and
#15
זֹּ֣את
this (often used adverb)
#16
עָשִׂ֔ינוּ
Why have we done
to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application
#17
כִּֽי
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
#18
שִׁלַּ֥חְנוּ
go
to send away, for, or out (in a great variety of applications)
#19
אֶת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#20
יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל
this that we have let Israel
he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
#21
מֵֽעָבְדֵֽנוּ׃
from serving
to work (in any sense); by implication, to serve, till, (causatively) enslave, etc

Analysis

Within the broader context of Exodus, this passage highlights salvation through simile or metaphorical language. The theological weight of covenant community connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about covenant community, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of Exodus.

Historical Context

The historical context of the period of Egyptian bondage and wilderness wandering (c. 1440-1400 BCE) provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The historical and cultural milieu of the biblical world informed the author's theological expression and the audience's understanding. The the cultural context of the biblical world would have shaped how the original audience understood covenant community. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Archaeological discoveries continue to illuminate the historical context of biblical texts.

Questions for Reflection

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