Exodus 13:15

Authorized King James Version

And it came to pass, when Pharaoh would hardly let us go, that the LORD slew all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, both the firstborn of man, and the firstborn of beast: therefore I sacrifice to the LORD all that openeth the matrix, being males; but all the firstborn of my children I redeem.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַיְהִ֗י
to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)
#2
כִּֽי
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
#3
הִקְשָׁ֣ה
would hardly
properly, to be dense, i.e., tough or severe (in various applications)
#4
פַרְעֹה֮
And it came to pass when Pharaoh
paroh, a general title of egyptian kings
#5
לְשַׁלְּחֵנוּ֒
let us go
to send away, for, or out (in a great variety of applications)
#6
וַיַּֽהֲרֹ֨ג
slew
to smite with deadly intent
#7
לַֽיהוָ֗ה
that the LORD
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
#8
כָּל
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
#9
בְּכ֥וֹר
all the firstborn
first-born; hence, chief
#10
בְּאֶ֣רֶץ
in the land
the earth (at large, or partitively a land)
#11
מִצְרַ֔יִם
of Egypt
mitsrajim, i.e., upper and lower egypt
#12
בְּכ֥וֹר
all the firstborn
first-born; hence, chief
#13
אָדָ֖ם
of man
ruddy i.e., a human being (an individual or the species, mankind, etc.)
#14
וְעַד
as far (or long, or much) as, whether of space (even unto) or time (during, while, until) or degree (equally with)
#15
בְּכ֥וֹר
all the firstborn
first-born; hence, chief
#16
בְּהֵמָ֑ה
of beast
properly, a dumb beast; especially any large quadruped or animal (often collective)
#17
עַל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#18
כֵּן֩
properly, set upright; hence (figuratively as adjective) just; but usually (as adverb or conjunction) rightly or so (in various applications to manner
#19
אֲנִ֨י
i
#20
זֹבֵ֜חַ
therefore I sacrifice
to slaughter an animal (usually in sacrifice)
#21
לַֽיהוָ֗ה
that the LORD
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
#22
כָּל
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
#23
פֶּ֤טֶר
all that openeth
a fissure, i.e., (concretely) firstling (as opening the matrix)
#24
רֶ֙חֶם֙
the matrix
the womb
#25
הַזְּכָרִ֔ים
being males
properly, remembered, i.e., a male (of man or animals, as being the most noteworthy sex)
#26
וְכָל
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
#27
בְּכ֥וֹר
all the firstborn
first-born; hence, chief
#28
בָּנַ֖י
of my children
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
#29
אֶפְדֶּֽה׃
I redeem
to sever, i.e., ransom; generally to release, preserve

Analysis

Within the broader context of Exodus, this passage highlights salvation through simile or metaphorical language. The theological weight of divine sovereignty connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about divine sovereignty, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of Exodus.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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