Exodus 12:30

Authorized King James Version

And Pharaoh rose up in the night, he, and all his servants, and all the Egyptians; and there was a great cry in Egypt; for there was not a house where there was not one dead.

Word-by-Word Analysis

וַיָּ֨קָם

H6965

rose up

to rise (in various applications, literal, figurative, intensive and causative)

פַּרְעֹ֜ה

H6547

And Pharaoh

paroh, a general title of egyptian kings

לַ֗יְלָה

H3915

in the night

properly, a twist (away of the light), i.e., night; figuratively, adversity

ה֤וּא

H1931

he (she or it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also (intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same; sometimes (as demo

וְכָל

H3605

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

עֲבָדָיו֙

H5650

he and all his servants

a servant

וְכָל

H3605

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

בְּמִצְרָ֑יִם

H4714

and all the Egyptians

mitsrajim, i.e., upper and lower egypt

וַתְּהִ֛י

H1961

to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)

#10

צְעָקָ֥ה

H6818

cry

a shriek

#11

גְדֹלָ֖ה

H1419

and there was a great

great (in any sense); hence, older; also insolent

#12

בְּמִצְרָ֑יִם

H4714

and all the Egyptians

mitsrajim, i.e., upper and lower egypt

#13

כִּֽי

H3588

(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed

#14

אֵ֣ין

H369

a nonentity; generally used as a negative particle

#15

בַּ֔יִת

H1004

for there was not a house

a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)

#16

אֲשֶׁ֥ר

H834

who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc

#17

אֵֽין

H369

a nonentity; generally used as a negative particle

#18

שָׁ֖ם

H8033

there (transferring to time) then; often thither, or thence

#19

מֵֽת׃

H4191

where there was not one dead

to die (literally or figuratively); causatively, to kill

Analysis

Within the broader context of Exodus, this passage highlights salvation through simile or metaphorical language. The theological weight of divine revelation connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about divine revelation, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of Exodus.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of the literary conventions and historical circumstances of biblical literature shapes this text's meaning. The historical development of salvation within the theological tradition of Exodus Understanding the ancient worldview that shaped the author's theological expression helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes divine revelation in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection

What systematic theological implications arise from this verse's treatment of salvation, and how does it contribute to a biblical theology of soteriology and the doctrine of salvation?
How does the salvation theme in this verse connect to the overarching narrative of Scripture, and what does this reveal about God's character and purposes?
How does this verse's literary context within Exodus chapter 12 illuminate its theological significance, and what does this teach us about biblical interpretation?

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