Exodus 11:10
And Moses and Aaron did all these wonders before Pharaoh: and the LORD hardened Pharaoh's heart, so that he would not let the children of Israel go out of his land.
Original Language Analysis
עָשׂ֛וּ
did
H6213
עָשׂ֛וּ
did
Strong's:
H6213
Word #:
3 of 20
to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application
אֶת
H853
אֶת
Strong's:
H853
Word #:
4 of 20
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
כָּל
H3605
כָּל
Strong's:
H3605
Word #:
5 of 20
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
הַמֹּֽפְתִ֥ים
all these wonders
H4159
הַמֹּֽפְתִ֥ים
all these wonders
Strong's:
H4159
Word #:
6 of 20
a miracle; by implication, a token or omen
לִפְנֵ֣י
before
H6440
לִפְנֵ֣י
before
Strong's:
H6440
Word #:
8 of 20
the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposi
וַיְחַזֵּ֤ק
hardened
H2388
וַיְחַזֵּ֤ק
hardened
Strong's:
H2388
Word #:
10 of 20
to fasten upon; hence, to seize, be strong (figuratively, courageous, causatively strengthen, cure, help, repair, fortify), obstinate; to bind, restra
יְהוָה֙
and the LORD
H3068
יְהוָה֙
and the LORD
Strong's:
H3068
Word #:
11 of 20
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
אֶת
H853
אֶת
Strong's:
H853
Word #:
12 of 20
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
לֵ֣ב
heart
H3820
לֵ֣ב
heart
Strong's:
H3820
Word #:
13 of 20
the heart; also used (figuratively) very widely for the feelings, the will and even the intellect; likewise for the center of anything
וְלֹֽא
H3808
וְלֹֽא
Strong's:
H3808
Word #:
15 of 20
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
שִׁלַּ֥ח
go out
H7971
שִׁלַּ֥ח
go out
Strong's:
H7971
Word #:
16 of 20
to send away, for, or out (in a great variety of applications)
אֶת
H853
אֶת
Strong's:
H853
Word #:
17 of 20
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
בְּנֵֽי
so that he would not let the children
H1121
בְּנֵֽי
so that he would not let the children
Strong's:
H1121
Word #:
18 of 20
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
Cross References
Exodus 4:21And the LORD said unto Moses, When thou goest to return into Egypt, see that thou do all those wonders before Pharaoh, which I have put in thine hand: but I will harden his heart, that he shall not let the people go.Exodus 10:20But the LORD hardened Pharaoh's heart, so that he would not let the children of Israel go.Exodus 10:27But the LORD hardened Pharaoh's heart, and he would not let them go.
Historical Context
The midnight hour emphasizes God's sovereign timing and judgment coming in darkness. The scope—from royal palace to prison to barn—demonstrates no earthly status protects from divine judgment. Only the Passover blood will shield.
Questions for Reflection
- How does the universality of this judgment foreshadow universal human sinfulness?
- What does the need for blood protection teach about the coming gospel?
Related Resources
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Analysis & Commentary
Verse 10 describes Moses's final warning about midnight judgment. God Himself will pass through Egypt, striking every firstborn from Pharaoh's throne to the prisoner in the dungeon, and even livestock firstborn. This universal judgment spares none, revealing sin's comprehensive curse.