Exodus 11:10

Authorized King James Version

And Moses and Aaron did all these wonders before Pharaoh: and the LORD hardened Pharaoh's heart, so that he would not let the children of Israel go out of his land.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וּמֹשֶׁ֣ה
And Moses
mosheh, the israelite lawgiver
#2
וְאַֽהֲרֹ֗ן
and Aaron
aharon, the brother of moses
#3
עָשׂ֛וּ
did
to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application
#4
אֶת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#5
כָּל
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
#6
הַמֹּֽפְתִ֥ים
all these wonders
a miracle; by implication, a token or omen
#7
הָאֵ֖לֶּה
these or those
#8
לִפְנֵ֣י
before
the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposi
#9
פַּרְעֹ֔ה
Pharaoh
paroh, a general title of egyptian kings
#10
וַיְחַזֵּ֤ק
hardened
to fasten upon; hence, to seize, be strong (figuratively, courageous, causatively strengthen, cure, help, repair, fortify), obstinate; to bind, restra
#11
יְהוָה֙
and the LORD
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
#12
אֶת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#13
לֵ֣ב
heart
the heart; also used (figuratively) very widely for the feelings, the will and even the intellect; likewise for the center of anything
#14
פַּרְעֹ֔ה
Pharaoh
paroh, a general title of egyptian kings
#15
וְלֹֽא
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
#16
שִׁלַּ֥ח
go out
to send away, for, or out (in a great variety of applications)
#17
אֶת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#18
בְּנֵֽי
so that he would not let the children
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
#19
יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל
of Israel
he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
#20
מֵֽאַרְצֽוֹ׃
of his land
the earth (at large, or partitively a land)

Analysis

This verse develops the salvation theme central to Exodus. The concept of divine sovereignty reflects the development of salvation within biblical theology. The divine name or title here functions within biblical literature contributing to the canon's theological witness to establish theological authority and covenantal relationship. The original language emphasizes the covenant name Yahweh, emphasizing God's faithfulness to His promises, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of the literary conventions and historical circumstances of biblical literature shapes this text's meaning. The historical development of salvation within the theological tradition of Exodus Understanding the ancient worldview that shaped the author's theological expression helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes divine sovereignty in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection

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