Esther 5:14

Authorized King James Version

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Then said Zeresh his wife and all his friends unto him, Let a gallows be made of fifty cubits high, and to morrow speak thou unto the king that Mordecai may be hanged thereon: then go thou in merrily with the king unto the banquet. And the thing pleased Haman; and he caused the gallows to be made.

Original Language Analysis

אֱמֹ֣ר Then said H559
אֱמֹ֣ר Then said
Strong's: H559
Word #: 1 of 30
to say (used with great latitude)
לוֹ֩ H0
לוֹ֩
Strong's: H0
Word #: 2 of 30
זֶ֨רֶשׁ Zeresh H2238
זֶ֨רֶשׁ Zeresh
Strong's: H2238
Word #: 3 of 30
zeresh, haman's wife
אִשְׁתּ֜וֹ his wife H802
אִשְׁתּ֜וֹ his wife
Strong's: H802
Word #: 4 of 30
a woman
וְכָל H3605
וְכָל
Strong's: H3605
Word #: 5 of 30
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
אֹֽהֲבָ֗יו and all his friends H157
אֹֽהֲבָ֗יו and all his friends
Strong's: H157
Word #: 6 of 30
to have affection for (sexually or otherwise)
וַיַּ֥עַשׂ and he caused H6213
וַיַּ֥עַשׂ and he caused
Strong's: H6213
Word #: 7 of 30
to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application
הָעֵֽץ׃ the gallows H6086
הָעֵֽץ׃ the gallows
Strong's: H6086
Word #: 8 of 30
a tree (from its firmness); hence, wood (plural sticks)
גָּבֹ֣הַּ high H1364
גָּבֹ֣הַּ high
Strong's: H1364
Word #: 9 of 30
elevated (or elated), powerful, arrogant
חֲמִשִּׁ֣ים of fifty H2572
חֲמִשִּׁ֣ים of fifty
Strong's: H2572
Word #: 10 of 30
fifty
אַמָּה֒ cubits H520
אַמָּה֒ cubits
Strong's: H520
Word #: 11 of 30
properly, a mother (i.e., unit of measure, or the fore-arm (below the elbow), i.e., a cubit; also a door-base (as a bond of the entrance)
וּבַבֹּ֣קֶר׀ and to morrow H1242
וּבַבֹּ֣קֶר׀ and to morrow
Strong's: H1242
Word #: 12 of 30
properly, dawn (as the break of day); generally, morning
אֱמֹ֣ר Then said H559
אֱמֹ֣ר Then said
Strong's: H559
Word #: 13 of 30
to say (used with great latitude)
הַמֶּ֥לֶךְ thou unto the king H4428
הַמֶּ֥לֶךְ thou unto the king
Strong's: H4428
Word #: 14 of 30
a king
וְיִתְל֤וּ may be hanged H8518
וְיִתְל֤וּ may be hanged
Strong's: H8518
Word #: 15 of 30
to suspend (especially to gibbet)
אֶֽת H853
אֶֽת
Strong's: H853
Word #: 16 of 30
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
מָרְדֳּכַי֙ that Mordecai H4782
מָרְדֳּכַי֙ that Mordecai
Strong's: H4782
Word #: 17 of 30
mordecai, an israelite
עָלָ֔יו H5921
עָלָ֔יו
Strong's: H5921
Word #: 18 of 30
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
וּבֹֽא thereon then go H935
וּבֹֽא thereon then go
Strong's: H935
Word #: 19 of 30
to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
עִם H5973
עִם
Strong's: H5973
Word #: 20 of 30
adverb or preposition, with (i.e., in conjunction with), in varied applications; specifically, equally with; often with prepositional prefix (and then
הַמֶּ֥לֶךְ thou unto the king H4428
הַמֶּ֥לֶךְ thou unto the king
Strong's: H4428
Word #: 21 of 30
a king
אֶל H413
אֶל
Strong's: H413
Word #: 22 of 30
near, with or among; often in general, to
הַמִּשְׁתֶּ֖ה unto the banquet H4960
הַמִּשְׁתֶּ֖ה unto the banquet
Strong's: H4960
Word #: 23 of 30
drink, by implication, drinking (the act); also (by implication) a banquet or (generally) feast
שָׂמֵ֑חַ thou in merrily H8056
שָׂמֵ֑חַ thou in merrily
Strong's: H8056
Word #: 24 of 30
blithe or gleeful
וַיִּיטַ֧ב pleased H3190
וַיִּיטַ֧ב pleased
Strong's: H3190
Word #: 25 of 30
to be (causative) make well, literally (sound, beautiful) or figuratively (happy, successful, right)
הַדָּבָ֛ר And the thing H1697
הַדָּבָ֛ר And the thing
Strong's: H1697
Word #: 26 of 30
a word; by implication, a matter (as spoken of) or thing; adverbially, a cause
לִפְנֵ֥י H6440
לִפְנֵ֥י
Strong's: H6440
Word #: 27 of 30
the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposi
הָמָ֖ן Haman H2001
הָמָ֖ן Haman
Strong's: H2001
Word #: 28 of 30
haman, a persian vizier
וַיַּ֥עַשׂ and he caused H6213
וַיַּ֥עַשׂ and he caused
Strong's: H6213
Word #: 29 of 30
to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application
הָעֵֽץ׃ the gallows H6086
הָעֵֽץ׃ the gallows
Strong's: H6086
Word #: 30 of 30
a tree (from its firmness); hence, wood (plural sticks)

Analysis & Commentary

Then said Zeresh his wife and all his friends unto him, Let a gallows be made of fifty cubits high, and to morrow speak thou unto the king that Mordecai may be hanged thereon: then go thou in merrily with the king unto the banquet. And the thing pleased Haman; and he caused the gallows to be made. Zeresh and Haman's friends proposed building a gallows 50 cubits (approximately 75 feet) high for hanging Mordecai, then requesting royal permission next day. The extraordinary height ensured maximum visibility and humiliation—the entire city would witness Mordecai's execution. Haman could then attend Esther's banquet "merrily," his grievance satisfied. The advice "pleased Haman," and he immediately built the gallows. This decision sealed his doom—the gallows intended for Mordecai will instead execute Haman (7:9-10). The ironic justice is perfect: the instrument of intended murder becomes the means of the murderer's judgment. Proverbs 26:27 warns: "Whoso diggeth a pit shall fall therein."

Historical Context

The 50-cubit (75-foot) gallows was extraordinarily high—far beyond practical necessity, serving purely to maximize visibility and humiliation. Ancient executions often served as public spectacles demonstrating authority and warning against similar crimes. Impalement or hanging was common Persian execution method for serious crimes. The advice to build the gallows before securing permission shows Haman's confidence in his influence and the king's compliance. The immediate construction demonstrates Haman's impulsive rashness—acting on advice without considering consequences. Archaeological evidence shows ancient Near Eastern public executions used visible locations and methods to maximize impact on population.

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