Esther 5:1

Authorized King James Version

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Now it came to pass on the third day, that Esther put on her royal apparel, and stood in the inner court of the king's house, over against the king's house: and the king sat upon his royal throne in the royal house, over against the gate of the house.

Original Language Analysis

וַיְהִ֣י׀ H1961
וַיְהִ֣י׀
Strong's: H1961
Word #: 1 of 24
to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)
בַּיּ֣וֹם day H3117
בַּיּ֣וֹם day
Strong's: H3117
Word #: 2 of 24
a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an asso
הַשְּׁלִישִׁ֗י Now it came to pass on the third H7992
הַשְּׁלִישִׁ֗י Now it came to pass on the third
Strong's: H7992
Word #: 3 of 24
third; feminine a third (part); by extension, a third (day, year or time); specifically, a third-story cell)
וַתִּלְבַּ֤שׁ put on H3847
וַתִּלְבַּ֤שׁ put on
Strong's: H3847
Word #: 4 of 24
properly, wrap around, i.e., (by implication) to put on a garment or clothe (oneself, or another), literally or figuratively
אֶסְתֵּר֙ that Esther H635
אֶסְתֵּר֙ that Esther
Strong's: H635
Word #: 5 of 24
ester, the jewish heroine
הַמַּלְכ֔וּת her royal H4438
הַמַּלְכ֔וּת her royal
Strong's: H4438
Word #: 6 of 24
a rule; concretely, a dominion
וַֽתַּעֲמֹ֞ד apparel and stood H5975
וַֽתַּעֲמֹ֞ד apparel and stood
Strong's: H5975
Word #: 7 of 24
to stand, in various relations (literal and figurative, intransitive and transitive)
בַּֽחֲצַ֤ר court H2691
בַּֽחֲצַ֤ר court
Strong's: H2691
Word #: 8 of 24
a yard (as inclosed by a fence); also a hamlet (as similarly surrounded with walls)
הַבָּֽיִת׃ house H1004
הַבָּֽיִת׃ house
Strong's: H1004
Word #: 9 of 24
a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)
וְ֠הַמֶּלֶךְ and the king H4428
וְ֠הַמֶּלֶךְ and the king
Strong's: H4428
Word #: 10 of 24
a king
הַפְּנִימִ֔ית in the inner H6442
הַפְּנִימִ֔ית in the inner
Strong's: H6442
Word #: 11 of 24
interior
נֹ֖כַח over against H5227
נֹ֖כַח over against
Strong's: H5227
Word #: 12 of 24
properly, the front part; used adverbially (especially with preposition), opposite, in front of, forward, in behalf of
הַבָּֽיִת׃ house H1004
הַבָּֽיִת׃ house
Strong's: H1004
Word #: 13 of 24
a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)
וְ֠הַמֶּלֶךְ and the king H4428
וְ֠הַמֶּלֶךְ and the king
Strong's: H4428
Word #: 14 of 24
a king
וְ֠הַמֶּלֶךְ and the king H4428
וְ֠הַמֶּלֶךְ and the king
Strong's: H4428
Word #: 15 of 24
a king
יוֹשֵׁ֞ב sat H3427
יוֹשֵׁ֞ב sat
Strong's: H3427
Word #: 16 of 24
properly, to sit down (specifically as judge. in ambush, in quiet); by implication, to dwell, to remain; causatively, to settle, to marry
עַל H5921
עַל
Strong's: H5921
Word #: 17 of 24
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
כִּסֵּ֤א throne H3678
כִּסֵּ֤א throne
Strong's: H3678
Word #: 18 of 24
properly, covered, i.e., a throne (as canopied)
הַמַּלְכ֔וּת her royal H4438
הַמַּלְכ֔וּת her royal
Strong's: H4438
Word #: 19 of 24
a rule; concretely, a dominion
הַבָּֽיִת׃ house H1004
הַבָּֽיִת׃ house
Strong's: H1004
Word #: 20 of 24
a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)
הַמַּלְכ֔וּת her royal H4438
הַמַּלְכ֔וּת her royal
Strong's: H4438
Word #: 21 of 24
a rule; concretely, a dominion
נֹ֖כַח over against H5227
נֹ֖כַח over against
Strong's: H5227
Word #: 22 of 24
properly, the front part; used adverbially (especially with preposition), opposite, in front of, forward, in behalf of
פֶּ֥תַח the gate H6607
פֶּ֥תַח the gate
Strong's: H6607
Word #: 23 of 24
an opening (literally), i.e., door (gate) or entrance way
הַבָּֽיִת׃ house H1004
הַבָּֽיִת׃ house
Strong's: H1004
Word #: 24 of 24
a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)

Analysis & Commentary

Esther's approach to the king 'on the third day' wearing royal robes demonstrates both courage and wisdom. Approaching the king unsummoned risked death (4:11); that she did so after three days of fasting (4:16) indicates she sought divine favor before human. The 'third day' echoes biblical patterns of deliverance (Genesis 22:4, Exodus 19:11, Jonah 1:17, and supremely, Christ's resurrection). Esther's 'royal apparel' (levush malkut) signals she comes as queen, not supplicant—bold faith despite fear. The narrative tension ('if I perish, I perish,' 4:16) resolves when the king extends his golden scepter. This models courageous obedience: committing outcomes to God while faithfully acting. Her wisdom in inviting the king to a banquet (rather than immediate request) shows strategy guided by prudence.

Historical Context

Persian court protocol was rigid and violation could mean death, though the king could extend clemency via the golden scepter. Historical sources confirm Persian kings' absolute power and the danger of approaching unbidden. Esther's Jewish identity was still secret (2:10, 20), adding complexity: revealing her ethnicity to save her people meant personal risk. The timing is critical: Haman's edict to destroy the Jews had been issued (3:12-15), and Mordecai challenged Esther to recognize her providential position (4:14—'for such a time as this'). Her courageous intercession typifies Christ's advocacy for His people, entering God's presence on our behalf (Hebrews 4:14-16, 7:25).

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