Ecclesiastes 11:3

Authorized King James Version

If the clouds be full of rain, they empty themselves upon the earth: and if the tree fall toward the south, or toward the north, in the place where the tree falleth, there it shall be.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
אִם
used very widely as demonstrative, lo!; interrogative, whether?; or conditional, if, although; also oh that!, when; hence, as a negative, not
#2
יִמָּלְא֨וּ
be full
to fill or (intransitively) be full of, in a wide application (literally and figuratively)
#3
הֶעָבִ֥ים
If the clouds
properly, an envelope, i.e., darkness (or density, 2 chronicles 4:17); specifically, a (scud) cloud; also a copse
#4
גֶּ֙שֶׁם֙
of rain
a shower
#5
עַל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#6
הָאָ֣רֶץ
themselves upon the earth
the earth (at large, or partitively a land)
#7
יָרִ֔יקוּ
they empty
to pour out (literally or figuratively), i.e., empty
#8
וְאִם
used very widely as demonstrative, lo!; interrogative, whether?; or conditional, if, although; also oh that!, when; hence, as a negative, not
#9
שֶׁיִּפּ֥וֹל
fall
to fall, in a great variety of applications (intransitive or causative, literal or figurative)
#10
הָעֵ֖ץ
and if the tree
a tree (from its firmness); hence, wood (plural sticks)
#11
בַּדָּר֖וֹם
toward the south
the south; poet. the south wind
#12
וְאִ֣ם
used very widely as demonstrative, lo!; interrogative, whether?; or conditional, if, although; also oh that!, when; hence, as a negative, not
#13
בַּצָּפ֑וֹן
or toward the north
properly, hidden, i.e., dark; used only of the north as a quarter (gloomy and unknown)
#14
מְק֛וֹם
in the place
properly, a standing, i.e., a spot; but used widely of a locality (general or specific); also (figuratively) of a condition (of body or mind)
#15
שֶׁיִּפּ֥וֹל
fall
to fall, in a great variety of applications (intransitive or causative, literal or figurative)
#16
הָעֵ֖ץ
and if the tree
a tree (from its firmness); hence, wood (plural sticks)
#17
שָׁ֥ם
there (transferring to time) then; often thither, or thence
#18
יְהֽוּא׃
there it shall be
to be (in the sense of existence)

Analysis

This verse develops the salvation theme central to Ecclesiastes. The concept of divine revelation reflects the development of salvation within biblical theology. The literary structure and word choice here contribute to biblical literature contributing to the canon's theological witness, advancing the author's theological argument. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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