Ecclesiastes 10:8

Authorized King James Version

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He that diggeth a pit shall fall into it; and whoso breaketh an hedge, a serpent shall bite him.

Original Language Analysis

חֹפֵ֥ר He that diggeth H2658
חֹפֵ֥ר He that diggeth
Strong's: H2658
Word #: 1 of 8
properly, to pry into; by implication, to delve, to explore
גּוּמָּ֖ץ a pit H1475
גּוּמָּ֖ץ a pit
Strong's: H1475
Word #: 2 of 8
a pit
בּ֣וֹ H0
בּ֣וֹ
Strong's: H0
Word #: 3 of 8
יִפּ֑וֹל shall fall H5307
יִפּ֑וֹל shall fall
Strong's: H5307
Word #: 4 of 8
to fall, in a great variety of applications (intransitive or causative, literal or figurative)
וּפֹרֵ֥ץ into it and whoso breaketh H6555
וּפֹרֵ֥ץ into it and whoso breaketh
Strong's: H6555
Word #: 5 of 8
to break out (in many applications, direct and indirect, literal and figurative)
גָּדֵ֖ר an hedge H1447
גָּדֵ֖ר an hedge
Strong's: H1447
Word #: 6 of 8
a circumvallation; by implication, an inclosure
יִשְּׁכֶ֥נּוּ shall bite H5391
יִשְּׁכֶ֥נּוּ shall bite
Strong's: H5391
Word #: 7 of 8
to strike with a sting (as a serpent); figuratively, to oppress with interest on a loan
נָחָֽשׁ׃ a serpent H5175
נָחָֽשׁ׃ a serpent
Strong's: H5175
Word #: 8 of 8
a snake (from its hiss)

Analysis & Commentary

He that diggeth a pit shall fall into it—this proverbial wisdom warns that harmful schemes often backfire on their perpetrators. The Hebrew choreh gumatz (חֹרֶה גּוּמָץ, digs a pit) refers to trap-digging, while yipol-bo (יִפָּל־בּוֹ, falls into it) describes poetic justice. Proverbs 26:27 parallels this: "Whoso diggeth a pit shall fall therein." The second line adds another danger: whoso breaketh an hedge, a serpent shall bite himporetz gader (פֹּרֵץ גָּדֵר, breaks through a wall) risks encountering serpents sheltering in stone walls.

This wisdom operates on two levels:

  1. Practical—dangerous work carries inherent risks requiring caution,
  2. Moral—those who harm others often suffer similar harm themselves.

The principle appears throughout Scripture: Haman hanged on his own gallows (Esther 7:10), Babylon's violence returned upon her (Habakkuk 2:8). Jesus warned that those who use the sword perish by it (Matthew 26:52).

Historical Context

Ancient agriculture involved both pit-digging (for storage, water collection, or animal traps) and stone wall construction (boundary markers and livestock enclosures). Both tasks carried real dangers—unstable pits could collapse, and snakes nested in wall crevices. The wisdom here applies practical observation to moral teaching: actions have consequences, often ironic ones. Early church fathers saw this verse as warning against heresy—those who undermine doctrinal boundaries risk spiritual destruction. The Reformers applied it to political intrigue and religious persecution, noting that persecutors often faced similar fates.

Questions for Reflection