Ecclesiastes 10:18

Authorized King James Version

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By much slothfulness the building decayeth; and through idleness of the hands the house droppeth through.

Original Language Analysis

בַּעֲצַלְתַּ֖יִם By much slothfulness H6103
בַּעֲצַלְתַּ֖יִם By much slothfulness
Strong's: H6103
Word #: 1 of 7
(as abstractly) indolence
יִמַּ֣ךְ decayeth H4355
יִמַּ֣ךְ decayeth
Strong's: H4355
Word #: 2 of 7
to tumble (in ruins); figuratively, to perish
הַמְּקָרֶ֑ה the building H4746
הַמְּקָרֶ֑ה the building
Strong's: H4746
Word #: 3 of 7
properly, something meeting, i.e., a frame (of timbers)
וּבְשִׁפְל֥וּת and through idleness H8220
וּבְשִׁפְל֥וּת and through idleness
Strong's: H8220
Word #: 4 of 7
remissness
יָדַ֖יִם of the hands H3027
יָדַ֖יִם of the hands
Strong's: H3027
Word #: 5 of 7
a hand (the open one [indicating power, means, direction, etc.], in distinction from h3709, the closed one); used (as noun, adverb, etc.) in a great v
יִדְלֹ֥ף droppeth through H1811
יִדְלֹ֥ף droppeth through
Strong's: H1811
Word #: 6 of 7
to drip; by implication, to weep
הַבָּֽיִת׃ the house H1004
הַבָּֽיִת׃ the house
Strong's: H1004
Word #: 7 of 7
a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)

Analysis & Commentary

By much slothfulness the building decayeth (בַּעֲצַלְתַּיִם יִמַּךְ הַמְּקָרֶה, ba'atsaltayim yimmakh hammeqareh)—literally 'through double idleness/sloth, the rafters sink.' The dual form atsaltayim (slothfulness) intensifies the concept—extreme laziness. The verb makh means to sink, collapse, or decay. And through idleness of the hands the house droppeth through (וּבְשִׁפְלוּת יָדַיִם יִדְלֹף הַבָּיִת, uveshiflut yadayim yidlof habayit)—'and through lowering/slackness of hands, the house leaks,' from dalaf (to drip, leak).

Practical wisdom about consequences of neglect: atsaltayim (slothfulness) causes structural failure—meqareh (roof beams) sink, bayit (house) leaks. The imagery is visceral—delayed maintenance produces collapse. The parallel phrases atsaltayim (sloth) and shiflut yadayim (slack hands) emphasize passivity's destructive power. Proverbs extensively warns against laziness: 'A little sleep, a little slumber... and poverty will come upon you like a robber' (Proverbs 6:10-11). Paul commanded, 'If anyone is not willing to work, let him not eat' (2 Thessalonians 3:10). This applies beyond physical buildings to relationships, spiritual life, institutions—whatever goes unmaintained deteriorates. Diligence preserves; sloth destroys.

Historical Context

Ancient Palestinian homes had flat roofs requiring regular maintenance—mud-plaster roofs needed seasonal repair or they'd leak during rains. Neglected timber beams would rot, causing collapse. This practical reality made the metaphor immediately comprehensible.

Questions for Reflection