Ecclesiastes 10:17

Authorized King James Version

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Blessed art thou, O land, when thy king is the son of nobles, and thy princes eat in due season, for strength, and not for drunkenness!

Original Language Analysis

אַשְׁרֵ֣יךְ Blessed H835
אַשְׁרֵ֣יךְ Blessed
Strong's: H835
Word #: 1 of 11
happiness; only in masculine plural construction as interjection, how happy!
אֶ֔רֶץ art thou O land H776
אֶ֔רֶץ art thou O land
Strong's: H776
Word #: 2 of 11
the earth (at large, or partitively a land)
שֶׁמַּלְכֵּ֖ךְ when thy king H4428
שֶׁמַּלְכֵּ֖ךְ when thy king
Strong's: H4428
Word #: 3 of 11
a king
בֶּן is the son H1121
בֶּן is the son
Strong's: H1121
Word #: 4 of 11
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
חוֹרִ֑ים of nobles H2715
חוֹרִ֑ים of nobles
Strong's: H2715
Word #: 5 of 11
properly, white or pure (from the cleansing or shining power of fire; hence (figuratively) noble (in rank)
וְשָׂרַ֙יִךְ֙ and thy princes H8269
וְשָׂרַ֙יִךְ֙ and thy princes
Strong's: H8269
Word #: 6 of 11
a head person (of any rank or class)
בָּעֵ֣ת in due season H6256
בָּעֵ֣ת in due season
Strong's: H6256
Word #: 7 of 11
time, especially (adverb with preposition) now, when, etc
יֹאכֵ֔לוּ eat H398
יֹאכֵ֔לוּ eat
Strong's: H398
Word #: 8 of 11
to eat (literally or figuratively)
בִּגְבוּרָ֖ה for strength H1369
בִּגְבוּרָ֖ה for strength
Strong's: H1369
Word #: 9 of 11
force (literally or figuratively); by implication, valor, victory
וְלֹ֥א H3808
וְלֹ֥א
Strong's: H3808
Word #: 10 of 11
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
בַשְּׁתִֽי׃ and not for drunkenness H8358
בַשְּׁתִֽי׃ and not for drunkenness
Strong's: H8358
Word #: 11 of 11
intoxicaion

Analysis & Commentary

Blessed art thou, O land, when thy king is the son of nobles (אַשְׁרֵיךְ אֶרֶץ שֶׁמַּלְכֵּךְ בֶּן־חוֹרִים, ashreyikh erets shemalkekhben-chorim)—'happy are you, land, whose king is the son of nobles,' using ashrey (blessed, happy), the Psalms' beatitude formula. And thy princes eat in due season (וְשָׂרֶיךָ בָּעֵת יֹאכֵלוּ, vesarekha ba'et yokhelu)—'and your officials eat at the proper time.' For strength, and not for drunkenness (בִּגְבוּרָה וְלֹא בַשְּׁתִי, bigevurah velo bashti)—'in strength and not in drinking,' from sheti (drinking, intoxication).

The contrasting beatitude: a nation thrives under a king who is ben-chorim (son of nobles)—not about lineage per se, but maturity, training, and character. Such leaders, with disciplined officials who eat ba'et (at proper time—after work, not instead of it), pursue gevurah (strength, valor) rather than sheti (intoxication). The word gevurah can mean physical strength or moral fortitude—eating to maintain capacity for service. This describes leadership marked by self-control, timing, purpose. Proverbs 31:4-5 warns kings against wine, 'lest they drink and forget what has been decreed.' Disciplined leadership creates flourishing societies; indulgent leadership breeds ruin.

Historical Context

The 'son of nobles' refers to proper training and character formation—ancient royal education prepared princes for responsibility through tutors, advisors, and structured development. David's careful preparation of Solomon (1 Chronicles 22:5) exemplifies this ideal.

Questions for Reflection