Deuteronomy 21:17

Authorized King James Version

But he shall acknowledge the son of the hated for the firstborn, by giving him a double portion of all that he hath: for he is the beginning of his strength; the right of the firstborn is his.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
כִּי֩
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
#2
אֶת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#3
הַבְּכֹ֨ר
for the firstborn
first-born; hence, chief
#4
בֶּן
the son
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
#5
הַשְּׂנוּאָ֜ה
of the hated
to hate (personally)
#6
יַכִּ֗יר
But he shall acknowledge
properly, to scrutinize, i.e., look intently at; hence (with recognition implied), to acknowledge, be acquainted with, care for, respect, revere, or (
#7
לָ֤תֶת
by giving
to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)
#8
לוֹ֙
H0
#9
פִּ֣י
portion
the mouth (as the means of blowing), whether literal or figurative (particularly speech); specifically edge, portion or side; adverbially (with prepos
#10
שְׁנַ֔יִם
him a double
two; also (as ordinal) twofold
#11
בְּכֹ֥ל
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
#12
אֲשֶׁר
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
#13
יִמָּצֵ֖א
of all that he hath
properly, to come forth to, i.e., appear or exist; transitively, to attain, i.e., find or acquire; figuratively, to occur, meet or be present
#14
ל֑וֹ
H0
#15
כִּי
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
#16
הוּא֙
he (she or it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also (intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same; sometimes (as demo
#17
רֵאשִׁ֣ית
for he is the beginning
the first, in place, time, order or rank (specifically, a firstfruit)
#18
אֹנ֔וֹ
of his strength
ability, power, (figuratively) wealth
#19
ל֖וֹ
H0
#20
מִשְׁפַּ֥ט
the right
properly, a verdict (favorable or unfavorable) pronounced judicially, especially a sentence or formal decree (human or (participant's) divine law, ind
#21
הַבְּכֹרָֽה׃
of the firstborn
the firstling of man or beast; abstractly primogeniture

Analysis

This verse develops the salvation theme central to Deuteronomy. The concept of divine revelation reflects the development of salvation within biblical theology. The literary structure and word choice here contribute to biblical literature contributing to the canon's theological witness, advancing the author's theological argument. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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