Deuteronomy 20:5

Authorized King James Version

And the officers shall speak unto the people, saying, What man is there that hath built a new house, and hath not dedicated it? let him go and return to his house, lest he die in the battle, and another man dedicate it.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וְדִבְּר֣וּ
shall speak
perhaps properly, to arrange; but used figuratively (of words), to speak; rarely (in a destructive sense) to subdue
#2
הַשֹּֽׁטְרִים֮
And the officers
properly, a scribe, i.e., (by analogy or implication) an official superintendent or magistrate
#3
אֶל
near, with or among; often in general, to
#4
הָעָ֣ם
unto the people
a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock
#5
לֵאמֹר֒
saying
to say (used with great latitude)
#6
מִֽי
who? (occasionally, by a peculiar idiom, of things); also (indefinitely) whoever; often used in oblique construction with prefix or suffix
#7
וְאִ֥ישׁ
What man
a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
#8
אֲשֶׁ֨ר
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
#9
בָּנָ֤ה
is there that hath built
to build (literally and figuratively)
#10
לְבֵית֑וֹ
house
a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)
#11
חָדָשׁ֙
a new
new
#12
וְלֹ֣א
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
#13
יַחְנְכֶֽנּוּ׃
and hath not dedicated
properly, to narrow; figuratively, to initiate or discipline
#14
יֵלֵ֖ךְ
to walk (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)
#15
וְיָשֹׁ֣ב
and return
to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not necessarily with the idea of return to the starting point);
#16
לְבֵית֑וֹ
house
a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)
#17
פֶּן
properly, removal; used only (in the construction) adverb as conjunction, lest
#18
יָמוּת֙
lest he die
to die (literally or figuratively); causatively, to kill
#19
בַּמִּלְחָמָ֔ה
in the battle
a battle (i.e., the engagement); generally, war (i.e., war-fare)
#20
וְאִ֥ישׁ
What man
a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
#21
אַחֵ֖ר
and another
properly, hinder; generally, next, other, etc
#22
יַחְנְכֶֽנּוּ׃
and hath not dedicated
properly, to narrow; figuratively, to initiate or discipline

Analysis

Within the broader context of Deuteronomy, this passage highlights salvation through universal language and absolute statements. The theological weight of covenant community connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about covenant community, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of Deuteronomy.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of the literary conventions and historical circumstances of biblical literature shapes this text's meaning. The historical development of salvation within the theological tradition of Deuteronomy Understanding the ancient worldview that shaped the author's theological expression helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes covenant community in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection

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