Deuteronomy 20:10

Authorized King James Version

When thou comest nigh unto a city to fight against it, then proclaim peace unto it.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
כִּֽי
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
#2
תִקְרַ֣ב
When thou comest nigh
to approach (causatively, bring near) for whatever purpose
#3
אֶל
near, with or among; often in general, to
#4
עִ֔יר
unto a city
a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere encampment or post)
#5
לְהִלָּחֵ֖ם
to fight
to feed on; figuratively, to consume
#6
עָלֶ֑יהָ
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#7
וְקָרָ֥אתָ
against it then proclaim
to call out to (i.e., properly, address by name, but used in a wide variety of applications)
#8
אֵלֶ֖יהָ
near, with or among; often in general, to
#9
לְשָׁלֽוֹם׃
peace
safe, i.e., (figuratively) well, happy, friendly; also (abstractly) welfare, i.e., health, prosperity, peace

Analysis

Within the broader context of Deuteronomy, this passage highlights salvation through declarative statements that establish theological truth. The theological weight of peace connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about peace, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of Deuteronomy.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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