Deuteronomy 14:16

Authorized King James Version

PDF

The little owl, and the great owl, and the swan,

Original Language Analysis

אֶת H853
אֶת
Strong's: H853
Word #: 1 of 5
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
הַכּ֥וֹס The little owl H3563
הַכּ֥וֹס The little owl
Strong's: H3563
Word #: 2 of 5
a cup (as a container), often figuratively, some unclean bird, probably an owl (perhaps from the cup-like cavity of its eye)
וְאֶת H853
וְאֶת
Strong's: H853
Word #: 3 of 5
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
הַיַּנְשׁ֖וּף and the great owl H3244
הַיַּנְשׁ֖וּף and the great owl
Strong's: H3244
Word #: 4 of 5
an unclean (acquatic) bird; probably the heron (perhaps from its blowing cry, or because the nightheron is meant)
וְהַתִּנְשָֽׁמֶת׃ and the swan H8580
וְהַתִּנְשָֽׁמֶת׃ and the swan
Strong's: H8580
Word #: 5 of 5
properly, a hard breather, i.e., the name of two unclean creatures, a lizard and a bird (both perhaps from changing color through their irascibility),

Analysis & Commentary

The little owl, and the great owl, and the swan—Three water and nocturnal birds: kos (כּוֹס, little owl), yanshuf (יַנְשׁוּף, great owl or ibis), tinshemeth (תִּנְשֶׁמֶת, swan or barn owl). Owls inhabited ruins (Isaiah 34:11, Zephaniah 2:14), symbolizing desolation and God's judgment. They thrived where humans perished.

The gospel reverses this: Christ entered our ruin (He hath sent me to heal the brokenhearted, to preach deliverance to the captives, Luke 4:18) and transforms desolation into habitation. Where owls roosted in Babylon's ruins (Isaiah 13:21), God promises Israel: I will make the wilderness a pool of water (Isaiah 41:18). The food laws pointed Israel away from death's dwelling toward life's source.

Historical Context

Owls were associated with Athena in Greek culture (wisdom) and with death omens in Roman culture. Israel's prohibition rejected both pagan wisdom traditions and superstitious fear, anchoring knowledge in covenant relationship with YHWH alone.

Questions for Reflection

Related Resources

Explore related topics, people, and study resources to deepen your understanding of this passage.

Study Resources