Deuteronomy 12:17

Authorized King James Version

PDF

Thou mayest not eat within thy gates the tithe of thy corn, or of thy wine, or of thy oil, or the firstlings of thy herds or of thy flock, nor any of thy vows which thou vowest, nor thy freewill offerings, or heave offering of thine hand:

Original Language Analysis

לֹֽא H3808
לֹֽא
Strong's: H3808
Word #: 1 of 18
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
תוּכַ֞ל Thou mayest H3201
תוּכַ֞ל Thou mayest
Strong's: H3201
Word #: 2 of 18
to be able, literally (can, could) or morally (may, might)
לֶֽאֱכֹ֣ל not eat H398
לֶֽאֱכֹ֣ל not eat
Strong's: H398
Word #: 3 of 18
to eat (literally or figuratively)
בִּשְׁעָרֶ֗יךָ within thy gates H8179
בִּשְׁעָרֶ֗יךָ within thy gates
Strong's: H8179
Word #: 4 of 18
an opening, i.e., door or gate
מַעְשַׂ֤ר the tithe H4643
מַעְשַׂ֤ר the tithe
Strong's: H4643
Word #: 5 of 18
a tenth; especially a tithe
דְּגָֽנְךָ֙ of thy corn H1715
דְּגָֽנְךָ֙ of thy corn
Strong's: H1715
Word #: 6 of 18
properly, increase, i.e., grain
וְתִֽירֹשְׁךָ֣ or of thy wine H8492
וְתִֽירֹשְׁךָ֣ or of thy wine
Strong's: H8492
Word #: 7 of 18
must or fresh grape-juice (as just squeezed out); by implication (rarely) fermented wine
וְיִצְהָרֶ֔ךָ or of thy oil H3323
וְיִצְהָרֶ֔ךָ or of thy oil
Strong's: H3323
Word #: 8 of 18
oil (as producing light); figuratively, anointing
וּבְכֹרֹ֥ת or the firstlings H1062
וּבְכֹרֹ֥ת or the firstlings
Strong's: H1062
Word #: 9 of 18
the firstling of man or beast; abstractly primogeniture
בְּקָֽרְךָ֖ of thy herds H1241
בְּקָֽרְךָ֖ of thy herds
Strong's: H1241
Word #: 10 of 18
a beeve or an animal of the ox family of either gender (as used for plowing); collectively, a herd
וְצֹאנֶ֑ךָ or of thy flock H6629
וְצֹאנֶ֑ךָ or of thy flock
Strong's: H6629
Word #: 11 of 18
a collective name for a flock (of sheep or goats); also figuratively (of men)
וְכָל H3605
וְכָל
Strong's: H3605
Word #: 12 of 18
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
נְדָרֶ֙יךָ֙ nor any of thy vows H5088
נְדָרֶ֙יךָ֙ nor any of thy vows
Strong's: H5088
Word #: 13 of 18
a promise (to god); also (concretely) a thing promised
אֲשֶׁ֣ר H834
אֲשֶׁ֣ר
Strong's: H834
Word #: 14 of 18
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
תִּדֹּ֔ר which thou vowest H5087
תִּדֹּ֔ר which thou vowest
Strong's: H5087
Word #: 15 of 18
to promise (pos., to do or give something to god)
וְנִדְבֹתֶ֖יךָ nor thy freewill offerings H5071
וְנִדְבֹתֶ֖יךָ nor thy freewill offerings
Strong's: H5071
Word #: 16 of 18
properly (abstractly) spontaneity, or (adjectively) spontaneous; also (concretely) a spontaneous or (by inference, in plural) abundant gift
וּתְרוּמַ֥ת or heave offering H8641
וּתְרוּמַ֥ת or heave offering
Strong's: H8641
Word #: 17 of 18
a present (as offered up), especially in sacrifice or as tribute
יָדֶֽךָ׃ of thine hand H3027
יָדֶֽךָ׃ of thine hand
Strong's: H3027
Word #: 18 of 18
a hand (the open one [indicating power, means, direction, etc.], in distinction from h3709, the closed one); used (as noun, adverb, etc.) in a great v

Analysis & Commentary

Further restrictions on local consumption: 'Thou mayest not eat within thy gates the tithe of thy corn, or of thy wine, or of thy oil, or the firstlings of thy herds or of thy flock, nor any of thy vows which thou vowest, nor thy freewill offerings, or heave offering of thine hand.' While ordinary meat may be eaten locally (v.15), dedicated offerings must be consumed only at the central sanctuary. Tithes, firstlings, vows, and voluntary offerings belong to God and must be presented at His chosen place. This maintains distinction between common and consecrated. What is devoted to God must be handled according to His stipulations.

Historical Context

Numbers 18:21-32 and Leviticus 27 detail tithe laws. Firstlings belong to God (Exodus 13:2; 34:19). The sanctuary system ensured proper handling of consecrated items and supported Levites. This command prevented individuals from claiming consecrated items for personal use, even if disguised as worship. Hannah's vow (1 Samuel 1:11) and Paul's vow (Acts 18:18) exemplify voluntary vows requiring fulfillment. Vows aren't casual but binding covenant commitments to God.

Questions for Reflection

Related Resources

Explore related topics, people, and study resources to deepen your understanding of this passage.

Study Resources