Daniel 1:16

Authorized King James Version

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Thus Melzar took away the portion of their meat, and the wine that they should drink; and gave them pulse.

Original Language Analysis

וַיְהִ֣י H1961
וַיְהִ֣י
Strong's: H1961
Word #: 1 of 10
to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)
הַמֶּלְצַ֗ר Thus Melzar H4453
הַמֶּלְצַ֗ר Thus Melzar
Strong's: H4453
Word #: 2 of 10
the butler or other officer in the babylonian court
נֹשֵׂא֙ took away H5375
נֹשֵׂא֙ took away
Strong's: H5375
Word #: 3 of 10
to lift, in a great variety of applications, literal and figurative, absolute and relative
אֶת H853
אֶת
Strong's: H853
Word #: 4 of 10
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
פַּתְבָּגָ֔ם of their meat H6598
פַּתְבָּגָ֔ם of their meat
Strong's: H6598
Word #: 5 of 10
a dainty
וְיֵ֖ין and the wine H3196
וְיֵ֖ין and the wine
Strong's: H3196
Word #: 6 of 10
wine (as fermented); by implication, intoxication
מִשְׁתֵּיהֶ֑ם that they should drink H4960
מִשְׁתֵּיהֶ֑ם that they should drink
Strong's: H4960
Word #: 7 of 10
drink, by implication, drinking (the act); also (by implication) a banquet or (generally) feast
וְנֹתֵ֥ן and gave H5414
וְנֹתֵ֥ן and gave
Strong's: H5414
Word #: 8 of 10
to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)
לָהֶ֖ם H0
לָהֶ֖ם
Strong's: H0
Word #: 9 of 10
זֵרְעֹנִֽים׃ them pulse H2235
זֵרְעֹנִֽים׃ them pulse
Strong's: H2235
Word #: 10 of 10
something sown (only in the plural), i.e., a vegetable (as food)

Analysis & Commentary

The outcome—'Thus Melzar took away the portion of their meat, and the wine that they should drink; and gave them pulse'—shows complete victory. The test became permanent policy. God's vindication of faithfulness convinced pagan authority to accommodate conscience. This represents the ideal outcome: maintaining convictions while fulfilling institutional requirements, with authority's blessing. The removal of wine (also potentially offered to idols) shows comprehensive triumph over compromise. God rewards faithfulness with enlarged freedom to obey.

Historical Context

Wine in ancient Near East was standard beverage, often safer than water in urban areas. Wine dedicated to gods in libation ceremonies created the same conscience problem as meat. Melzar's permanent policy change protected Daniel's group for the remaining training period (likely nearly three years). This unprecedented accommodation demonstrated God's favor and established precedent for future requests. The simple diet proved sustainably superior throughout their education.

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