Amos 1:5

Authorized King James Version

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I will break also the bar of Damascus, and cut off the inhabitant from the plain of Aven, and him that holdeth the sceptre from the house of Eden: and the people of Syria shall go into captivity unto Kir, saith the LORD.

Original Language Analysis

וְשָֽׁבַרְתִּי֙ I will break H7665
וְשָֽׁבַרְתִּי֙ I will break
Strong's: H7665
Word #: 1 of 17
to burst (literally or figuratively)
בְּרִ֣יחַ also the bar H1280
בְּרִ֣יחַ also the bar
Strong's: H1280
Word #: 2 of 17
a bolt
דַּמֶּ֔שֶׂק of Damascus H1834
דַּמֶּ֔שֶׂק of Damascus
Strong's: H1834
Word #: 3 of 17
damascus, a city of syria
וְהִכְרַתִּ֤י and cut off H3772
וְהִכְרַתִּ֤י and cut off
Strong's: H3772
Word #: 4 of 17
to cut (off, down or asunder); by implication, to destroy or consume; specifically, to covenant (i.e., make an alliance or bargain, originally by cutt
יוֹשֵׁב֙ the inhabitant H3427
יוֹשֵׁב֙ the inhabitant
Strong's: H3427
Word #: 5 of 17
properly, to sit down (specifically as judge. in ambush, in quiet); by implication, to dwell, to remain; causatively, to settle, to marry
מִבִּקְעַת from the plain H1237
מִבִּקְעַת from the plain
Strong's: H1237
Word #: 6 of 17
properly, a split, i.e., a wide level valley between mountains
אָ֔וֶן of Aven H206
אָ֔וֶן of Aven
Strong's: H206
Word #: 7 of 17
aven, the contemptuous synonym of three places, one in coele-syria, one in egypt (on), and one in palestine (bethel)
וְתוֹמֵ֥ךְ and him that holdeth H8551
וְתוֹמֵ֥ךְ and him that holdeth
Strong's: H8551
Word #: 8 of 17
to sustain; by implication, to obtain, keep fast; figuratively, to help, follow close
שֵׁ֖בֶט the sceptre H7626
שֵׁ֖בֶט the sceptre
Strong's: H7626
Word #: 9 of 17
a scion, i.e., (literally) a stick (for punishing, writing, fighting, ruling, walking, etc.) or (figuratively) a clan
מִבֵּ֣ית from the house H1004
מִבֵּ֣ית from the house
Strong's: H1004
Word #: 10 of 17
a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)
עֶ֑דֶן H5730
עֶ֑דֶן
Strong's: H5730
Word #: 11 of 17
pleasure
וְגָל֧וּ shall go into captivity H1540
וְגָל֧וּ shall go into captivity
Strong's: H1540
Word #: 12 of 17
to denude (especially in a disgraceful sense); by implication, to exile (captives being usually stripped); figuratively, to reveal
עַם and the people H5971
עַם and the people
Strong's: H5971
Word #: 13 of 17
a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock
אֲרָ֛ם of Syria H758
אֲרָ֛ם of Syria
Strong's: H758
Word #: 14 of 17
aram or syria, and its inhabitants; also the name of the son of shem, a grandson of nahor, and of an israelite
קִ֖ירָה unto Kir H7024
קִ֖ירָה unto Kir
Strong's: H7024
Word #: 15 of 17
kir, a place in assyrian
אָמַ֥ר saith H559
אָמַ֥ר saith
Strong's: H559
Word #: 16 of 17
to say (used with great latitude)
יְהוָֽה׃ the LORD H3068
יְהוָֽה׃ the LORD
Strong's: H3068
Word #: 17 of 17
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god

Analysis & Commentary

"I will break also the bar of Damascus, and cut off the inhabitant from the plain of Aven, and him that holdeth the sceptre from the house of Eden: and the people of Syria shall go into captivity unto Kir, saith the LORD." The "bar" refers to the massive wooden beam securing city gates—breaking it means the city falls. Damascus, Syria's capital, would be conquered and depopulated. "Plain of Aven" (Biq'at-Aven, "valley of wickedness") likely refers to Baalbek, site of pagan worship. "House of Eden" (Beth-Eden) was a Syrian region. The prophecy specifies total collapse: religious centers destroyed, rulers deposed, population exiled to Kir (somewhere in Mesopotamia). The phrase "saith the LORD" (ne'um-YHWH) functions as divine signature—this isn't human prediction but God's decreed purpose. When God speaks, it's as good as accomplished.

Historical Context

This detailed prophecy found precise fulfillment when Assyria conquered Damascus in 732 BC under Tiglath-Pileser III, deporting inhabitants to Kir (2 Kings 16:9)—exactly as Amos predicted. This demonstrates the supernatural character of biblical prophecy. Skeptics who deny predictive prophecy must resort to late-dating texts after-the-fact, but Amos's mid-8th century date is well-attested. The Reformed doctrine of inspiration affirms that Scripture is God-breathed (2 Timothy 3:16), making accurate prediction natural when God reveals His purposes.

Questions for Reflection