Acts 16:21
And teach customs, which are not lawful for us to receive, neither to observe, being Romans.
Original Language Analysis
καὶ
And
G2532
καὶ
And
Strong's:
G2532
Word #:
1 of 12
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
ἃ
which
G3739
ἃ
which
Strong's:
G3739
Word #:
4 of 12
the relatively (sometimes demonstrative) pronoun, who, which, what, that
ἔξεστιν
are
G1832
ἔξεστιν
are
Strong's:
G1832
Word #:
6 of 12
so also ???? <pronunciation strongs="ex-on'"/> neuter present participle of the same (with or without some form of g1510 expressed); impersonally, it
παραδέχεσθαι
to receive
G3858
παραδέχεσθαι
to receive
Strong's:
G3858
Word #:
8 of 12
to accept near, i.e., admit or (by implication) delight in
ποιεῖν
to observe
G4160
ποιεῖν
to observe
Strong's:
G4160
Word #:
10 of 12
to make or do (in a very wide application, more or less direct)
Historical Context
Roman law protected traditional religions (religio licita) but prohibited new, unauthorized cults. Christianity's exclusive claims threatened Roman religious tolerance, which required accepting all gods.
Questions for Reflection
- How does the gospel's exclusivity conflict with cultural pluralism?
- When does national identity conflict with Christian commitment?
- How should believers respond when accused of cultural disloyalty?
Related Resources
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Analysis & Commentary
The accusation continues: 'And teach customs, which are not lawful for us to receive, neither to observe, being Romans.' This charge frames Christian faith as violation of Roman law. The appeal to Roman identity ('being Romans') shows how patriotism can be weaponized against religious freedom. The gospel's exclusivity offends pluralistic systems.