Acts 14:12

Authorized King James Version

And they called Barnabas, Jupiter; and Paul, Mercurius, because he was the chief speaker.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
ἐκάλουν
they called
to "call" (properly, aloud, but used in a variety of applications, directly or otherwise)
#2
τε
And
both or also (properly, as correlation of g2532)
#3
τὸν
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#4
μὲν
properly, indicative of affirmation or concession (in fact); usually followed by a contrasted clause with g1161 (this one, the former, etc.)
#5
Βαρναβᾶν
Barnabas
son of nabas (i.e., prophecy); barnabas, an israelite
#6
Δία
Jupiter
in the oblique cases there is used instead of it a (probably cognate) name ??? <pronunciation strongs="deece"/>, which is otherwise obsolete; zeus or
#7
τὸν
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#8
δὲ
and
but, and, etc
#9
Παῦλον
Paul
(little; but remotely from a derivative of g3973, meaning the same); paulus, the name of a roman and of an apostle
#10
Ἑρμῆν
Mercurius
hermes, the name of the messenger of the greek deities; also of a christian
#11
ἐπειδὴ
because
since now, i.e., (of time) when, or (of cause) whereas
#12
αὐτὸς
he
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
#13
ἦν
was
i (thou, etc.) was (wast or were)
#14
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#15
ἡγούμενος
the chief
to lead, i.e., command (with official authority); figuratively, to deem, i.e., consider
#16
τοῦ
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#17
λόγου
speaker
something said (including the thought); by implication, a topic (subject of discourse), also reasoning (the mental faculty) or motive; by extension, a

Analysis

Within the broader context of Acts, this passage highlights salvation through simile or metaphorical language. The theological weight of divine revelation connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about divine revelation, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of Acts.

Historical Context

The historical context of the biblical period relevant to this book's composition provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The historical and cultural milieu of the biblical world informed the author's theological expression and the audience's understanding. The the cultural context of the biblical world would have shaped how the original audience understood divine revelation. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Archaeological discoveries continue to illuminate the historical context of biblical texts.

Questions for Reflection

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