Acts 13:21

Authorized King James Version

And afterward they desired a king: and God gave unto them Saul the son of Cis, a man of the tribe of Benjamin, by the space of forty years.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
κἀκεῖθεν
And afterward
likewise from that place (or time)
#2
ᾐτήσαντο
they desired
to ask (in genitive case)
#3
βασιλέα
a king
a sovereign (abstractly, relatively, or figuratively)
#4
καὶ
and
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#5
ἔδωκεν
gave
to give (used in a very wide application, properly, or by implication, literally or figuratively; greatly modified by the connection)
#6
αὐτοῖς
unto them
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
#7
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#8
θεὸς
God
a deity, especially (with g3588) the supreme divinity; figuratively, a magistrate; exceedingly (by hebraism)
#9
τὸν
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#10
Σαοὺλ
Saul
saul (i.e., shaul), the jewish name of paul
#11
υἱὸν
the son
a "son" (sometimes of animals), used very widely of immediate, remote or figuratively, kinship
#12
Κίς
of Cis
cis (i.e., kish), an israelite
#13
ἄνδρα
a man
a man (properly as an individual male)
#14
ἐκ
of
a primary preposition denoting origin (the point whence action or motion proceeds), from, out (of place, time, or cause literal or figurative; direct
#15
φυλῆς
the tribe
an offshoot, i.e., race or clan
#16
Βενιαμίν
of Benjamin
benjamin, an israelite
#17
ἔτη
years
a year
#18
τεσσαράκοντα
by the space of forty
forty

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine sovereignty contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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