Psalms 68:21
A focused desk for reading, commentary, cross-references, original language notes, and your own observations.
Psalms 68:21
21 But God shall wound the head of his enemies, and the hairy scalp of such an one as goeth on still in his trespasses.
Chapter Context
Psalms 68 is a poetic and liturgical chapter in the Old Testament that explores themes of fellowship, sacrifice, discipleship. Written during various periods (c. 1000-400 BCE), this chapter should be understood within its historical context: Temple worship utilized these compositions across various periods of Israel's history.
The chapter can be divided into several sections:
- Verses 1-5: Introduction and setting the context
- Verses 6-12: Development of key themes
- Verses 13-20: Central message and teachings
- Verses 21-35: Conclusion and application
This chapter is significant because it reveals key aspects of God's character through divine actions and declarations. When studying this passage, it's important to consider both its immediate context within Psalms and its broader place in the scriptural canon.
Verse Study
Psalms 68:21
21 But God shall wound the head of his enemies, and the hairy scalp of such an one as goeth on still in his trespasses.
Analysis
God 'shall wound the head of his enemies' echoes Genesis 3:15's proto-gospel: the Seed would crush the serpent's head. The 'hairy scalp' of the impenitent suggests pride and unrepentant wickedness. God's judgment is certain for those who persist in rebellion. This ultimate head-wound finds fulfillment in Christ's decisive victory over Satan at Calvary—though Satan bruised Christ's heel, Christ crushed Satan's head fatally (Colossians 2:15).
Historical Context
Ancient warriors often wore long hair as a sign of strength and pride (like Absalom). God's striking the hairy scalp symbolizes humbling the proud and judging those who continue in sin without repentance.
Reflection
- How does Christ's crushing of Satan's head provide assurance in spiritual battles?
- What areas of pride or 'hairy scalp' in your life need God's humbling judgment?
- How should the certainty of God's final judgment motivate evangelism and holy living?
Word Studies
- God: אֱלֹהִים (Elohim) H430 - God (plural of majesty)
Cross-References
- References God: Psalms 55:23
- Parallel theme: Psalms 7:12, 110:6, Habakkuk 3:13, Luke 13:5, Hebrews 12:25