Psalms 105:23
A focused desk for reading, commentary, cross-references, original language notes, and your own observations.
Psalms 105:23
23 Israel also came into Egypt; and Jacob sojourned in the land of Ham.
Chapter Context
Psalms 105 is a poetic and liturgical chapter in the Old Testament that explores themes of judgment, love, wisdom. Written during various periods (c. 1000-400 BCE), this chapter should be understood within its historical context: Temple worship utilized these compositions across various periods of Israel's history.
The chapter can be divided into several sections:
- Verses 1-5: Introduction and setting the context
- Verses 6-12: Development of key themes
- Verses 13-20: Central message and teachings
- Verses 21-45: Conclusion and application
This chapter is significant because it addresses timeless questions about faith, suffering, and divine purpose. When studying this passage, it's important to consider both its immediate context within Psalms and its broader place in the scriptural canon.
Verse Study
Psalms 105:23
23 Israel also came into Egypt; and Jacob sojourned in the land of Ham.
Analysis
Israel (Jacob) 'came into Egypt' and Jacob 'sojourned in the land of Ham.' This transition sets up the Exodus narrative. What began as temporary sojourn (ger) became prolonged settlement, eventually leading to slavery. 'Ham' refers to Egypt through Noah's son Ham, father of Mizraim (Egypt, Gen 10:6). God's providence brought Israel to Egypt for preservation, growth, and ultimately for demonstrating His power in the Exodus. Christ's family also fled to Egypt (Matt 2:13-15), fulfilling 'Out of Egypt I called my son' (Hos 11:1).
Historical Context
Jacob's family of 70 people entered Egypt during the famine (Gen 46:27). They settled in Goshen (Gen 47:11) and multiplied greatly over approximately 400 years before the Exodus.
Reflection
- How does God use unexpected relocations and transitions to accomplish His purposes in your life?
- What does Israel's preservation in Egypt teach about God's faithfulness even in foreign, difficult circumstances?
Cross-References
- References Egypt: Psalms 78:51
- References Israel: Acts 13:17
- Parallel theme: Psalms 106:22