Proverbs 20:23
A focused desk for reading, commentary, cross-references, original language notes, and your own observations.
Proverbs 20:23
23 Divers weights are an abomination unto the LORD; and a false balance is not good.
Chapter Context
Proverbs 20 is a wisdom sayings chapter in the Old Testament that explores themes of righteousness, mercy, hope. Written during primarily Solomon's reign (c. 970-930 BCE), this chapter should be understood within its historical context: Ancient Near Eastern wisdom literature was common in royal courts for training officials.
The chapter can be divided into several sections:
- Verses 1-5: Introduction and setting the context
- Verses 6-12: Development of key themes
- Verses 13-20: Central message and teachings
- Verses 21-30: Conclusion and application
This chapter is significant because it establishes important theological principles that resonate throughout Scripture. When studying this passage, it's important to consider both its immediate context within Proverbs and its broader place in the scriptural canon.
Verse Study
Proverbs 20:23
23 Divers weights are an abomination unto the LORD; and a false balance is not good.
Analysis
This verse repeats the condemnation of 'diverse weights' (dishonest scales) found throughout Proverbs. Commercial fraud—whether inflating measures for sales or deflating them for purchases—is 'not good' (a deliberate understatement meaning 'abominable'). Such dishonesty violates both justice and love of neighbor. The repeated emphasis on honest weights reflects how pervasive such fraud was and how seriously God views it. Every transaction is a moral act reflecting either covenant faithfulness or selfish exploitation. Honest business dealings demonstrate love for God and neighbor, while fraud reveals heart corruption. God will judge every act of commercial dishonesty because it oppresses the poor and despises His image in others.
Historical Context
Archaeological discoveries confirm widespread use of dishonest weights and measures in the ancient Near East. Israelite law explicitly commanded honest business practices (Leviticus 19:35-36; Deuteronomy 25:13-16).
Reflection
- Are your business practices characterized by complete honesty and fairness?
- In what subtle ways might you be using 'diverse weights' in your dealings with others?
Word Studies
- Lord: יְהוָה / אֲדֹנָי (YHWH / Adonai) H3068 - The LORD / Lord
Cross-References
- References Lord: Proverbs 11:1, 20:10
- Parallel theme: Ezekiel 45:10, Hosea 12:7