Proverbs 17:23
A focused desk for reading, commentary, cross-references, original language notes, and your own observations.
Proverbs 17:23
23 A wicked man taketh a gift out of the bosom to pervert the ways of judgment.
Chapter Context
Proverbs 17 is a wisdom sayings chapter in the Old Testament that explores themes of sacrifice, grace, wisdom. Written during primarily Solomon's reign (c. 970-930 BCE), this chapter should be understood within its historical context: Ancient Near Eastern wisdom literature was common in royal courts for training officials.
The chapter can be divided into several sections:
- Verses 1-5: Introduction and setting the context
- Verses 6-12: Development of key themes
- Verses 13-20: Central message and teachings
- Verses 21-28: Conclusion and application
This chapter is significant because it foreshadows Christ's work through typology and prophetic elements. When studying this passage, it's important to consider both its immediate context within Proverbs and its broader place in the scriptural canon.
Verse Study
Proverbs 17:23
23 A wicked man taketh a gift out of the bosom to pervert the ways of judgment.
Analysis
A wicked man taketh a gift out of the bosom to pervert the ways of judgment. Shochad mecheq rasha yiqqach (שֹׁחַד מֵחֵק רָשָׁע יִקָּח, a bribe from the bosom the wicked takes). Bribes given secretly (from the bosom/inner garment) pervert justice. Lehatot orchot mishpat (לְהַטּוֹת אָרְחוֹת מִשְׁפָּט, to pervert paths of justice). Natah (נָטָה, turn aside, pervert, bend) describes corrupting what should be straight. God abhors bribery (Exodus 23:8, Deuteronomy 16:19). Jesus perfectly exemplified incorruptible justice. Christians must resist bribes and pursue righteousness in all dealings.
Historical Context
Ancient judicial systems lacked institutional safeguards against corruption. Judges who accepted bribes enriched themselves while destroying justice. Prophets condemned this practice repeatedly (Isaiah 1:23, 5:23, Micah 3:11, 7:3). Samuel's sons took bribes, provoking Israel to demand a king (1 Samuel 8:3). Perversion of justice was among Israel's worst sins bringing exile. Modern parallel: corruption undermining rule of law destroys societies.
Reflection
- In what contexts might you be tempted to take or give 'gifts' that pervert justice or fairness?
- How can you maintain incorruptible integrity in business, employment, and all dealings?
- What does pursuing justice and loving mercy (Micah 6:8) look like in your sphere of influence?
Word Studies
- Judgment: מִשְׁפָּט (Mishpat) H4941 - Judgment, justice
Cross-References
- Judgment: Deuteronomy 16:19, Micah 7:3
- Parallel theme: Proverbs 17:8, Exodus 23:8