Numbers 31:29
A focused desk for reading, commentary, cross-references, original language notes, and your own observations.
Numbers 31:29
29 Take it of their half, and give it unto Eleazar the priest, for an heave offering of the LORD.
Chapter Context
Numbers 31 is a mixed narrative and legal chapter in the Old Testament that explores themes of discipleship, redemption. Written during Israel's wilderness period (c. 1446-1406 BCE), this chapter should be understood within its historical context: The wilderness journey occurred between Egypt's dominance and the Canaanite tribal systems.
The chapter can be divided into several sections:
- Verses 1-5: Introduction and setting the context
- Verses 6-12: Development of key themes
- Verses 13-20: Central message and teachings
- Verses 21-54: Conclusion and application
This chapter is significant because it offers practical wisdom for godly living in a fallen world. When studying this passage, it's important to consider both its immediate context within Numbers and its broader place in the scriptural canon.
Verse Study
Numbers 31:29
29 Take it of their half, and give it unto Eleazar the priest, for an heave offering of the LORD.
Analysis
Take it of their half, and give it unto Eleazar the priest, for an heave offering of the LORD—The Hebrew terumah (heave/wave offering) designates this as sacred gift lifted toward heaven symbolically. The soldiers' tribute goes to the high priest, supporting Tabernacle ministry and priestly families who own no land inheritance.
Eleazar receives on God's behalf—the priest mediates between people and Yahweh. This foreshadows Christ our High Priest who receives our offerings (Hebrews 7:23-28). The 1/500 rate yielded substantial provision: 675 sheep, 72 cattle, 61 donkeys, 32 persons for priestly ministry. God ensures those who serve the altar are supported by the altar (1 Cor 9:13-14).
Historical Context
Eleazar succeeded Aaron (Numbers 20:28) and served as high priest during Joshua's conquest. This tribute helped sustain the priestly tribe (Levites) who received no territorial inheritance, depending instead on tithes and offerings. The heave offering was physically lifted during dedication.
Reflection
- How does the OT priesthood's dependence on offerings illuminate NT teaching about supporting gospel ministers?
- What does giving 'unto the priest' rather than directly 'unto the LORD' teach about God's use of human mediators?
Word Studies
- Priest: כֹּהֵן (Kohen) H3548 - Priest