Numbers 15:4
A focused desk for reading, commentary, cross-references, original language notes, and your own observations.
Numbers 15:4
4 Then shall he that offereth his offering unto the LORD bring a meat offering of a tenth deal of flour mingled with the fourth part of an hin of oil.
Chapter Context
Numbers 15 is a mixed narrative and legal chapter in the Old Testament that explores themes of sacrifice, creation, grace. Written during Israel's wilderness period (c. 1446-1406 BCE), this chapter should be understood within its historical context: The wilderness journey occurred between Egypt's dominance and the Canaanite tribal systems.
The chapter can be divided into several sections:
- Verses 1-5: Introduction and setting the context
- Verses 6-12: Development of key themes
- Verses 13-20: Central message and teachings
- Verses 21-41: Conclusion and application
This chapter is significant because it establishes important theological principles that resonate throughout Scripture. When studying this passage, it's important to consider both its immediate context within Numbers and its broader place in the scriptural canon.
Verse Study
Numbers 15:4
4 Then shall he that offereth his offering unto the LORD bring a meat offering of a tenth deal of flour mingled with the fourth part of an hin of oil.
Analysis
The grain offering accompanying the animal sacrifice demonstrates that worship involves comprehensive giving—not just animals but also grain and oil. The specific measurements (tenth of an ephah of flour, quarter hin of oil) show that God prescribes proportions for offerings, ensuring adequacy without excess. The oil mixed with flour represents the Spirit's work in making our offerings acceptable. The Reformed doctrine that we can only worship acceptably through the Spirit's enabling is prefigured in this mingling of oil with flour.
Historical Context
Grain offerings accompanied most animal sacrifices, representing the fruit of agricultural labor. The flour was fine, indicating quality. The oil was olive oil, central to Israelite diet and economy. Mixing them created a dough or cake that was partially burned and partially eaten by the priests, demonstrating that God receives worship while His ministers are sustained by the people's offerings.
Reflection
- What does the combination of animal and grain offerings teach about comprehensive devotion?
- How does oil mixed with flour symbolize the Spirit's necessity in making worship acceptable?
- In what ways should our offerings represent the full scope of our lives and labor?
Word Studies
- Lord: יְהוָה / אֲדֹנָי (YHWH / Adonai) H3068 - The LORD / Lord
Cross-References
- Sacrifice: Exodus 29:40, Leviticus 2:1, 6:14, 14:10, 23:13