Matthew 1:23
A focused desk for reading, commentary, cross-references, original language notes, and your own observations.
Matthew 1:23
23 Behold, a virgin shall be with child, and shall bring forth a son, and they shall call his name Emmanuel, which being interpreted is, God with us.
Chapter Context
Matthew 1 is a biographical gospel chapter in the New Testament that explores themes of sacrifice, redemption, faith. Written during the late first century CE (c. 80-90 CE), this chapter should be understood within its historical context: Written when Christianity was separating from Judaism following Jerusalem's destruction.
The chapter can be divided into several sections:
- Verses 1-5: Introduction and setting the context
- Verses 6-12: Development of key themes
- Verses 13-20: Central message and teachings
- Verses 21-25: Conclusion and application
This chapter is significant because it provides guidance for worship and spiritual devotion. When studying this passage, it's important to consider both its immediate context within Matthew and its broader place in the scriptural canon.
Verse Study
Matthew 1:23
23 Behold, a virgin shall be with child, and shall bring forth a son, and they shall call his name Emmanuel, which being interpreted is, God with us.
Analysis
Matthew's quotation of Isaiah 7:14 emphasizes the virgin birth ('virgin' translates Hebrew 'almah' via the Septuagint's 'parthenos'). The name 'Emmanuel' (God with us) reveals Jesus' identity as divine—not merely a prophet or king, but God incarnate dwelling among His people. This is the theological foundation of the incarnation.
Historical Context
Isaiah's prophecy was given to King Ahaz around 735 BC during the Syro-Ephraimite crisis. While it had an immediate fulfillment, Matthew shows its ultimate fulfillment in Christ. The Septuagint's translation choice of 'parthenos' (virgin) was providential.
Reflection
- What difference does it make in your daily life that God is 'with us' in Christ?
- How does the doctrine of the incarnation shape your understanding of God's love?
Word Studies
- God: Θεός (Theos) G2316 - God
Cross-References
- References God: Psalms 46:7, 46:11, Isaiah 12:2, Romans 9:5, 1 Timothy 3:16
- Parallel theme: Matthew 28:20, Isaiah 7:14, John 1:14, Acts 18:9, 2 Timothy 4:22