Isaiah 40:18
A focused desk for reading, commentary, cross-references, original language notes, and your own observations.
Isaiah 40:18
18 To whom then will ye liken God? or what likeness will ye compare unto him?
Chapter Context
Isaiah 40 is a prophetic oracle chapter in the Old Testament that explores themes of truth, discipleship, creation. Written during the Assyrian and pre-exilic periods (c. 740-680 BCE), this chapter should be understood within its historical context: Addressed Judah during Assyria's rise, Babylon's threat, and anticipated restoration.
The chapter can be divided into several sections:
- Verses 1-5: Introduction and setting the context
- Verses 6-12: Development of key themes
- Verses 13-20: Central message and teachings
- Verses 21-31: Conclusion and application
This chapter is significant because it foreshadows Christ's work through typology and prophetic elements. When studying this passage, it's important to consider both its immediate context within Isaiah and its broader place in the scriptural canon.
Verse Study
Isaiah 40:18
18 To whom then will ye liken God? or what likeness will ye compare unto him?
Analysis
This rhetorical question introduces a polemic against idolatry (verses 19-20). The Hebrew 'damah' (liken/compare) challenges any attempt to reduce God to creaturely categories. God's incomparability ('ein kamohu'—none like Him) is foundational to biblical monotheism and worship. Any image inherently diminishes and falsifies God's nature.
Historical Context
Surrounded by Babylonian idolatry with its elaborate god-images and religious iconography, Isaiah reminds Israel that their God transcends all representation and comparison.
Reflection
- What subtle forms of idolatry (mental images, expectations) do you impose on God?
- How does God's incomparability prevent you from domesticating Him into a manageable deity?
Word Studies
- God: אֱלֹהִים (Elohim) H410 - God (plural of majesty)
Cross-References
- References God: Exodus 8:10, 15:11, 1 Samuel 2:2, Job 40:9, Psalms 89:8, Acts 17:29
- Parallel theme: Isaiah 40:25, 46:5, Psalms 89:6, Jeremiah 10:6