Exodus 40:15
A focused desk for reading, commentary, cross-references, original language notes, and your own observations.
Exodus 40:15
15 And thou shalt anoint them, as thou didst anoint their father, that they may minister unto me in the priest's office: for their anointing shall surely be an everlasting priesthood throughout their generations.
Chapter Context
Exodus 40 is a narrative with legal sections chapter in the Old Testament that explores themes of discipleship, mercy, faith. Written during the Egyptian bondage and wilderness wandering (c. 1446-1406 BCE), this chapter should be understood within its historical context: Egypt was the dominant superpower with a complex polytheistic religion and a god-king pharaoh.
The chapter can be divided into several sections:
- Verses 1-5: Introduction and setting the context
- Verses 6-12: Development of key themes
- Verses 13-20: Central message and teachings
- Verses 21-38: Conclusion and application
This chapter is significant because it contributes to the biblical metanarrative of redemption. When studying this passage, it's important to consider both its immediate context within Exodus and its broader place in the scriptural canon.
Verse Study
Exodus 40:15
15 And thou shalt anoint them, as thou didst anoint their father, that they may minister unto me in the priest's office: for their anointing shall surely be an everlasting priesthood throughout their generations.
Analysis
Anointing Aaron's sons establishes their priesthood 'throughout their generations' (לְדֹרֹתָם, ledorotam). The phrase 'everlasting priesthood' (כְּהֻנַּת עוֹלָם, kehunnat olam, perpetual priesthood) teaches covenant continuity—God's priesthood endures across generations until fulfilled in Christ's eternal priesthood (Hebrews 7:24, ἀπαράβατος, permanent/unchangeable). The anointing's efficacy 'for ever' doesn't mean Aaronic priesthood never ends but that its purpose—mediation—continues until accomplished perfectly in Christ. Believers' priesthood (1 Peter 2:9) participates in Christ's eternal ministry.
Historical Context
The Aaronic priesthood continued approximately 1,500 years (Moses to Christ), spanning multiple generations. The 'everlasting' language indicated permanence until fulfilled, not absolute endlessness. Christ's priesthood after the order of Melchizedek (Hebrews 7:15-17) superseded Aaron's line when the true High Priest came.
Reflection
- How does the Aaronic priesthood's 'everlasting' yet temporary nature illustrate Old Testament shadows fulfilled in Christ?
- What does Christ's permanent priesthood replacing Aaron's line teach about the New Covenant's superiority?
Word Studies
- Eternal: עוֹלָם (Olam) H5769 - Eternal, everlasting
Cross-References
- Eternal Life: Numbers 25:13
- Parallel theme: Psalms 110:4