Acts 10:28
A focused desk for reading, commentary, cross-references, original language notes, and your own observations.
Acts 10:28
28 And he said unto them, Ye know how that it is an unlawful thing for a man that is a Jew to keep company, or come unto one of another nation; but God hath shewed me that I should not call any man common or unclean.
Chapter Context
Acts 10 is a historical narrative chapter in the New Testament that explores themes of salvation, worship, prayer. Written during the late first century CE (c. 80-85 CE), this chapter should be understood within its historical context: Chronicles Christianity's spread across the Roman Empire despite official and unofficial opposition.
The chapter can be divided into several sections:
- Verses 1-5: Introduction and setting the context
- Verses 6-12: Development of key themes
- Verses 13-20: Central message and teachings
- Verses 21-48: Conclusion and application
This chapter is significant because it illustrates divine judgment and mercy in response to human actions. When studying this passage, it's important to consider both its immediate context within Acts and its broader place in the scriptural canon.
Verse Study
Acts 10:28
28 And he said unto them, Ye know how that it is an unlawful thing for a man that is a Jew to keep company, or come unto one of another nation; but God hath shewed me that I should not call any man common or unclean.
Analysis
Peter explained: 'Ye know how that it is an unlawful thing for a man that is a Jew to keep company, or come unto one of another nation; but God hath shewed me that I should not call any man common or unclean.' The vision's meaning became clear - it concerned people, not merely food. God was abolishing ceremonial distinctions between Jews and Gentiles under the new covenant. Reformed theology sees this as the transition from old covenant particularity (Israel) to new covenant universality (all nations). The gospel breaks down all human barriers and divisions.
Historical Context
Jewish oral tradition (later codified in the Talmud) forbade Jews from entering Gentile homes or eating with Gentiles to maintain ceremonial purity. This tradition went beyond Mosaic law but was deeply ingrained. Peter's obedience to enter Cornelius's home marked a revolutionary change.
Reflection
- How does the gospel abolish ceremonial and ethnic distinctions between peoples?
- What 'unlawful' cultural barriers might God be calling His church to cross today?
- Why was the transition from Jewish particularity to universal gospel so difficult for the early church?
Word Studies
- God: Θεός (Theos) G2316 - God
Cross-References
- References God: Acts 11:9
- Parallel theme: Isaiah 65:5, John 4:9, 4:27, 18:28