Romans 4:2

Authorized King James Version

For if Abraham were justified by works, he hath whereof to glory; but not before God.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
εἰ
if
if, whether, that, etc
#2
γὰρ
For
properly, assigning a reason (used in argument, explanation or intensification; often with other particles)
#3
Ἀβραὰμ
G11
Abraham
abraham, the hebrew patriarch
#4
ἐξ
by
a primary preposition denoting origin (the point whence action or motion proceeds), from, out (of place, time, or cause literal or figurative; direct
#5
ἔργων
works
toil (as an effort or occupation); by implication, an act
#6
ἐδικαιώθη
were justified
to render (i.e., show or regard as) just or innocent
#7
ἔχει
he hath
to hold (used in very various applications, literally or figuratively, direct or remote; such as possession; ability, contiuity, relation, or conditio
#8
καύχημα
whereof to glory
a boast (properly, the object; by implication, the act) in a good or a bad sense
#9
ἀλλ'
but
properly, other things, i.e., (adverbially) contrariwise (in many relations)
#10
οὐ
not
the absolute negative (compare g3361) adverb; no or not
#11
πρὸς
before
a preposition of direction; forward to, i.e., toward (with the genitive case, the side of, i.e., pertaining to; with the dative case, by the side of,
#12
τὸν
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#13
θεόν
God
a deity, especially (with g3588) the supreme divinity; figuratively, a magistrate; exceedingly (by hebraism)

Analysis

This verse develops the salvation theme central to Romans. The concept of glory reflects justification by faith as the foundation of Christian hope. The divine name or title here functions within systematic theological exposition of the gospel to establish theological authority and covenantal relationship. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of Hellenistic epistolary literature with sophisticated theological argumentation shapes this text's meaning. Paul's systematic presentation built upon centuries of Jewish understanding about righteousness and divine justice Understanding a worldview shaped by both Jewish monotheism and Greco-Roman philosophical thought helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes glory in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection

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