Romans 2:27

Authorized King James Version

And shall not uncircumcision which is by nature, if it fulfil the law, judge thee, who by the letter and circumcision dost transgress the law?

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
καὶ
And
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#2
κρινεῖ
judge
by implication, to try, condemn, punish
#3
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#4
ἐκ
which is by
a primary preposition denoting origin (the point whence action or motion proceeds), from, out (of place, time, or cause literal or figurative; direct
#5
φύσεως
nature
growth (by germination or expansion), i.e., (by implication) natural production (lineal descent); by extension, a genus or sort; figuratively, native
#6
ἀκροβυστία
uncircumcision
the prepuce; by implication, an uncircumcised (i.e., gentile, figuratively, unregenerate) state or person
#7
τὸν
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#8
νόμου
the law
law (through the idea of prescriptive usage), genitive case (regulation), specially, (of moses (including the volume); also of the gospel), or figurat
#9
τελοῦσα
if it fulfil
to end, i.e., complete, execute, conclude, discharge (a debt)
#10
σὲ
thee
thee
#11
τὸν
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#12
διὰ
who by
through (in very wide applications, local, causal, or occasional)
#13
γράμματος
the letter
a writing, i.e., a letter, note, epistle, book, etc.; plural learning
#14
καὶ
And
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#15
περιτομῆς
circumcision
circumcision (the rite, the condition or the people, literally or figuratively)
#16
παραβάτην
dost transgress
a violator
#17
νόμου
the law
law (through the idea of prescriptive usage), genitive case (regulation), specially, (of moses (including the volume); also of the gospel), or figurat

Analysis

The judgment and justice theme here intersects with the broader canonical witness to God's character and purposes. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of progressive revelation that finds its culmination in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine revelation contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's consistent character and purposes.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of Hellenistic epistolary literature with sophisticated theological argumentation shapes this text's meaning. The historical development of judgment and justice within the theological tradition of Romans Understanding a worldview shaped by both Jewish monotheism and Greco-Roman philosophical thought helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes divine revelation in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection

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