Romans 16:23

Authorized King James Version

Gaius mine host, and of the whole church, saluteth you. Erastus the chamberlain of the city saluteth you, and Quartus a brother.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
ἀσπάζεται
saluteth
to enfold in the arms, i.e., (by implication) to salute, (figuratively) to welcome
#2
ὑμᾶς
you
you (as the objective of a verb or preposition)
#3
Γάϊος
Gaius
gaius (i.e., caius), a christian
#4
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#5
ξένος
host
foreign (literally, alien, or figuratively, novel); by implication, a guest or (vice-versa) entertainer
#6
μου
mine
of me
#7
καὶ
and
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#8
τῆς
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#9
ἐκκλησίας
church
a calling out, i.e., (concretely) a popular meeting, especially a religious congregation (jewish synagogue, or christian community of members on earth
#10
ὅλης
of the whole
"whole" or "all", i.e., complete (in extent, amount, time or degree), especially (neuter) as noun or adverb
#11
ἀσπάζεται
saluteth
to enfold in the arms, i.e., (by implication) to salute, (figuratively) to welcome
#12
ὑμᾶς
you
you (as the objective of a verb or preposition)
#13
Ἔραστος
Erastus
beloved; erastus, a christian
#14
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#15
οἰκονόμος
the chamberlain
a house-distributor (i.e., manager), or overseer, i.e., an employee in that capacity; by extension, a fiscal agent (treasurer); figuratively, a preach
#16
τῆς
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#17
πόλεως
of the city
a town (properly, with walls, of greater or less size)
#18
καὶ
and
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#19
Κούαρτος
Quartus
quartus, a christian
#20
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#21
ἀδελφός
G80
a brother
a brother (literally or figuratively) near or remote (much like g0001)

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine revelation contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the cosmopolitan capital of the Roman Empire with diverse populations. The author writes to address a mixed congregation of Jewish and Gentile believers in the imperial capital, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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