Psalms 69:15

Authorized King James Version

Let not the waterflood overflow me, neither let the deep swallow me up, and let not the pit shut her mouth upon me.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
אַל
not (the qualified negation, used as a deprecative); once (job 24:25) as a noun, nothing
#2
תִּשְׁטְפֵ֤נִי׀
overflow
to gush; by implication, to inundate, cleanse; by analogy, to gallop, conquer
#3
שִׁבֹּ֣לֶת
a stream (as flowing); also an ear of grain (as growing out); by analogy, a branch
#4
מַ֭יִם
Let not the waterflood
water; figuratively, juice; by euphemism, urine, semen
#5
וְאַל
not (the qualified negation, used as a deprecative); once (job 24:25) as a noun, nothing
#6
תִּבְלָעֵ֣נִי
swallow me up
to make away with (specifically by swallowing); generally, to destroy
#7
מְצוּלָ֑ה
me neither let the deep
a deep place (of water or mud)
#8
וְאַל
not (the qualified negation, used as a deprecative); once (job 24:25) as a noun, nothing
#9
תֶּאְטַר
shut
to close up
#10
עָלַ֖י
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#11
בְּאֵ֣ר
and let not the pit
a pit; especially a well
#12
פִּֽיהָ׃
her mouth
the mouth (as the means of blowing), whether literal or figurative (particularly speech); specifically edge, portion or side; adverbially (with prepos

Analysis

This verse develops the worship and praise theme central to Psalms. The concept of divine revelation reflects the proper human response to God's character and works. The literary structure and word choice here contribute to worship literature expressing the full range of human experience before God, advancing the author's theological argument. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

The historical context of the monarchic period, particularly David's reign (c. 1000-970 BCE) provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The Israelite monarchy with its temple worship, court life, and constant military threats created the liturgical and emotional context for these prayers and praises. The ancient Israelite worship practices and court culture would have shaped how the original audience understood divine revelation. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Temple archaeology and ancient musical instruments illuminate the liturgical context of Israelite worship.

Questions for Reflection