Psalms 44:19

Authorized King James Version

Though thou hast sore broken us in the place of dragons, and covered us with the shadow of death.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
כִּ֣י
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
#2
דִ֭כִּיתָנוּ
Though thou hast sore broken
to collapse (phys. or mentally)
#3
בִּמְק֣וֹם
us in the place
properly, a standing, i.e., a spot; but used widely of a locality (general or specific); also (figuratively) of a condition (of body or mind)
#4
תַּנִּ֑ים
of dragons
a marine or land monster, i.e., sea-serpent or jackal
#5
וַתְּכַ֖ס
and covered
properly, to plump, i.e., fill up hollows; by implication, to cover (for clothing or secrecy)
#6
עָלֵ֣ינוּ
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#7
בְצַלְמָֽוֶת׃
us with the shadow of death
shade of death, i.e., the grave (figuratively, calamity)

Analysis

Within the broader context of Psalms, this passage highlights worship and praise through simile or metaphorical language. The theological weight of divine revelation connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about divine revelation, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of Psalms.

Historical Context

The historical context of the monarchic period, particularly David's reign (c. 1000-970 BCE) provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The Israelite monarchy with its temple worship, court life, and constant military threats created the liturgical and emotional context for these prayers and praises. The ancient Israelite worship practices and court culture would have shaped how the original audience understood divine revelation. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Temple archaeology and ancient musical instruments illuminate the liturgical context of Israelite worship.

Questions for Reflection