Psalms 38:19

Authorized King James Version

But mine enemies are lively, and they are strong: and they that hate me wrongfully are multiplied.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וְֽ֭אֹיְבַי
But mine enemies
hating; an adversary
#2
חַיִּ֣ים
are lively
alive; hence, raw (flesh); fresh (plant, water, year), strong; also (as noun, especially in the feminine singular and masculine plural) life (or livin
#3
עָצֵ֑מוּ
and they are strong
to bind fast, i.e., close (the eyes); intransitively, to be (causatively, make) powerful or numerous; to crunch the bones
#4
וְרַבּ֖וּ
are multiplied
properly, to cast together , i.e., increase, especially in number; to multiply by the myriad
#5
שֹׂנְאַ֣י
and they that hate
to hate (personally)
#6
שָֽׁקֶר׃
me wrongfully
an untruth; by implication, a sham (often adverbial)

Analysis

Within the broader context of Psalms, this passage highlights worship and praise through declarative statements that establish theological truth. The theological weight of divine revelation connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about divine revelation, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of Psalms.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the Israelite monarchy with its court politics and military conflicts. The author writes to address worshipers in the temple and those seeking God in times of distress, making the emphasis on worship and praise particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection